Table of contents
- Clinical trials overview
- Conditions being studied
- Who the trials include
- Trial phases and study design
- Main outcomes and endpoints
- Selected trial details
- Key patient-focused points
Clinical trials overview
The trial data show that Lidocaine is being studied in different clinical settings, not as a general drug description but as part of specific research questions.[1][2] These studies are mainly interventional trials, which means researchers assign a treatment or comparison and then measure the results.[1] The studies are authorised or completed and include Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4 research.[1]
Across the trials, Lidocaine is used in different ways, including intra-articular injection, topical use, intranasal use, infiltration, cutaneous use, and intravenous use.[1] The main research focus is on pain relief, function, recovery, or disease response depending on the condition being studied.[1]
Conditions being studied
One Phase 3 trial studies frozen shoulder and compares physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, and their combination, with Lidocaine included in the injection arm.[2] The main outcome is the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, which measures pain and how the shoulder problem affects daily life.[2]
Another Phase 3 trial studies first-degree perineal laceration, which means a small tear in the tissue between the vagina and anus after delivery.[3] This study compares topical lidocaine-prilocaine cream with Lidocaine infiltration to see which method gives better pain control during repair and in the two hours after birth.[3]
A Phase 4 trial studies patients with liver tumours who are having liver surgery.[4] In this study, intravenous Lidocaine is tested against sodium chloride, and the main outcome is total opioid use in the first 24 hours after surgery.[4]
Other studies include post-dural puncture syndrome, calcinosis cutis in systemic sclerosis, severe acute trauma-related pain in children, and general pain related to peripheral intravenous cannulation.[5][6][7][8] These trials show that Lidocaine is being tested in both procedure-related pain and more complex medical problems.[5][7]
Who the trials include
The target populations are different in each study, but they are all defined by the condition or procedure under investigation.[1] For example, the trauma pain study focuses on children, while the perineal tear study focuses on women after delivery.[1][3]
The frozen shoulder trial includes patients with shoulder stiffness and pain, and the liver surgery trial includes patients with liver tumours scheduled for surgery.[2][4] The calcinosis cutis study includes patients with systemic sclerosis, a long-term autoimmune disease, who have calcium deposits in the skin and soft tissue.[6]
Some studies compare Lidocaine with another active treatment, while others compare it with a control or standard care approach.[2][4] This helps researchers understand whether the study treatment improves outcomes better than the current approach.[2]
Trial phases and study design
The trial set includes Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4 studies.[1] Phase 2 studies in this set include the severe trauma-related pain trial and the post-dural puncture syndrome trial.[1][5] Phase 3 studies include frozen shoulder, first-degree perineal laceration, calcinosis cutis, and the pain study related to peripheral intravenous cannulation.[2][3][6][7]
The studies are all interventional, meaning the researchers actively assign the treatment being tested.[1] Sample sizes vary from 40 participants to 2,000 participants, showing that some trials are small and focused while others are much larger.[7][1]
Main outcomes and endpoints
The primary outcomes differ by condition, but most are centered on pain, recovery, or disease improvement.[1] In the trauma pain study, the main endpoint is the change in pain intensity on a vertical visual analog scale from the start of treatment to 30 minutes later.[1]
In the frozen shoulder trial, the main outcome is the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, which captures both pain and function.[2] In the perineal tear trial, the outcome is pain measured with a visual analogue scale during the repair and during the two hours after delivery.[3]
The post-dural puncture syndrome study measures headache intensity in the upright position at several time points, from the start of the intervention up to 7 days later.[5] The liver surgery study measures total opioid consumption in the first 24 hours after surgery, which shows how much additional pain medicine is needed.[4]
The calcinosis cutis trial measures complete and partial remission from week 0 to week 28, using scans and clinical improvement as part of the assessment.[6] The peripheral intravenous cannulation pain study measures pain with a numerical rating scale after use of a 10% Lidocaine spray.[7]
Selected trial details
Frozen shoulder trial. This Phase 3 study plans to enroll 180 people and is authorised.[2] It compares physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, and combined treatment, with pain and function assessed at 3 months.[2]
First-degree perineal tear trial. This Phase 3 study plans to enroll 84 women and compares Lidocaine infiltration with topical lidocaine-prilocaine cream.[3] The study looks at pain during anesthetic administration, during repair, and in the two hours after delivery.[3]
Liver surgery trial. This Phase 4 study has 124 planned participants and is completed.[4] It tests intravenous Lidocaine in patients with liver tumours undergoing surgery and measures opioid use in the first 24 hours.[4]
Post-dural puncture syndrome trial. This Phase 2 study plans to enroll 80 participants and is authorised.[5] It measures headache intensity at several time points after either a sphenopalatine block or a blood patch.[5]
Calcinosis cutis trial. This Phase 3 study plans to enroll 75 participants and is authorised.[6] It measures complete and partial remission over 28 weeks in patients with calcinosis cutis in systemic sclerosis.[6]
Severe acute trauma-related pain trial. This Phase 2 pediatric study plans to enroll 116 children and compares intranasal sufentanil with intranasal ketamine.[1] Lidocaine-related products are listed among the study interventions, and pain is measured with a vertical visual analog scale from baseline to 30 minutes.[1]
Pain from peripheral intravenous cannulation. This Phase 3 study is completed and enrolled 40 participants.[7] It evaluates pain after use of a Lidocaine spray on the hand or forearm area during cannulation.[7]
Key patient-focused points
These trials show that Lidocaine is being studied in many different clinical situations, especially where pain control matters.[1] The research includes children, women after childbirth, surgical patients, and people with chronic or procedure-related pain.[1][3][4]
The endpoints are practical and patient-centered, such as pain scores, movement and function, headache relief, opioid use, and remission of disease findings.[2][4][5][6] Together, the studies aim to see where Lidocaine can help most and how it compares with other treatments or standard care.[2][4]







