Explore rare diseases in clinical trials
Check which rare diseases are currently being frequently studied.
See also our popular diseases glossary and drug database.
Starting by letter
To open the rare diseases glossary, select a letter from the list below.
Rare diseases starting with “b”
- 0
Basal cell naevus syndrome
Basal cell naevus syndrome is a rare inherited condition that causes multiple skin cancers to develop from a young age, along with cysts in the jaw and other abnormalities throughout the body.
- 2
Behcet’s syndrome
Behcet’s syndrome is a rare condition that causes inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body, leading to painful mouth sores, genital ulcers, eye problems, and many other symptoms that can come and go unpredictably.
- 1
Biotinidase deficiency
Biotinidase deficiency is a treatable inherited disorder where the body cannot recycle biotin, a vital vitamin needed for breaking down food into energy. Early diagnosis and simple daily treatment with biotin supplements can prevent serious health problems and allow children to develop normally.
- 6
Brain stem glioma
Brain stem glioma is a type of tumor that develops in the brainstem, the critical area connecting your brain to your spinal cord. While these tumors most commonly affect children, they can also occur in adults, and their behavior and outlook vary greatly depending on their location and how fast they grow.
- 1
Breast angiosarcoma
Breast angiosarcoma is a very rare and aggressive cancer that starts in the cells lining blood or lymph vessels in the breast. While it accounts for less than 1% of all breast cancers, people who have received radiation therapy for breast cancer face a higher risk of developing this disease years after treatment.
- 1
Breast angiosarcoma metastatic
Breast angiosarcoma that has spread to other parts of the body is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that presents unique challenges for patients and doctors. Understanding this disease and available treatment options can help patients navigate their journey with greater confidence.
- 1
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome
Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome is a serious lung condition that causes the smallest airways in the lungs to become inflamed, damaged, and scarred, making it difficult to breathe. It most commonly occurs after organ transplants, but can also develop from breathing in harmful chemicals or after severe infections.
- 8
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a serious lung condition that primarily affects babies born too early, when their lungs are not yet fully developed. While these tiny infants often need life-saving oxygen therapy and breathing support, this same treatment can damage their delicate lungs over time, leading to long-term breathing difficulties.
- 3
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Burkitt’s lymphoma is a rare but fast-growing cancer that develops in the body’s infection-fighting system. Though it can be life-threatening because of how quickly it spreads, most people respond well to treatment and can go into long-term remission when diagnosed and treated right away.


