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Iomeprol

Iomeprol is a contrast agent used in medical imaging procedures, particularly in coronary interventions and CT angiography. This article explores two clinical trials that investigate the use of Iomeprol in comparison to other contrast agents, focusing on its effectiveness and potential impact on patients with renal insufficiency and coronary artery disease.

Table of Contents

What is IOMEPROL?

IOMEPROL is a medical contrast agent used in various imaging procedures. It’s also known by its brand name Imeron[1]. Contrast agents are substances that help make certain parts of the body show up more clearly on medical scans, such as X-rays or CT (Computed Tomography) scans. IOMEPROL belongs to a class of contrast agents called iodine-based contrast media.

Uses of IOMEPROL

IOMEPROL is primarily used in the following medical procedures:

  • Coronary Angiography: This is a procedure to examine the blood vessels of the heart. IOMEPROL helps make these blood vessels visible on X-rays, allowing doctors to see if there are any blockages or narrowing[1].
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI): This is a non-surgical procedure used to treat narrowed coronary arteries. IOMEPROL is used during this procedure to help guide the doctors[1].
  • CT Angiography: This is a type of CT scan that focuses on blood vessels. IOMEPROL can be used in CT angiography of the coronary arteries to help diagnose coronary artery disease[2].

How IOMEPROL Works

IOMEPROL works by temporarily changing how X-rays interact with the body. When injected into the bloodstream, it flows through the blood vessels and organs. Because it contains iodine, which is denser than body tissues, it appears brighter on X-rays and CT scans. This allows doctors to see the shape and flow of blood vessels and identify any abnormalities[1][2].

Comparison with Other Contrast Agents

IOMEPROL is one of several contrast agents used in medical imaging. Others include:

  • Iodixanol (brand name: Visipaque): This is another iodine-based contrast agent. Some studies have compared IOMEPROL with Iodixanol to see if one is better at preventing certain side effects[1].
  • Iobitridol (brand name: Xenetix): This is a contrast agent with a lower concentration of iodine compared to IOMEPROL. Research has been conducted to compare their effectiveness in coronary CT angiography[2].

The choice of which contrast agent to use depends on various factors, including the specific procedure being performed and the patient’s individual health status.

Potential Side Effects

Like all medications, IOMEPROL can have side effects. One potential side effect that has been studied is contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). This is a temporary decline in kidney function that can occur after receiving contrast media. Patients with existing kidney problems may be at higher risk for this side effect[1].

Research and Clinical Trials

IOMEPROL has been the subject of several clinical trials to evaluate its safety and effectiveness. Some of these studies include:

  1. CONTRAST Study: This study compared IOMEPROL with another contrast agent (Iodixanol) to see which one was associated with a lower incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with impaired kidney function undergoing coronary interventions[1].
  2. X-ACT Study: This study compared IOMEPROL with other contrast agents (Iobitridol and Iopromide) to assess image quality in coronary CT angiography. The study looked at factors such as the ability to evaluate coronary artery stenosis (narrowing of the arteries), image quality, and various technical measurements like signal-to-noise ratio[2].

These studies help doctors understand how IOMEPROL compares to other contrast agents in terms of effectiveness and safety, allowing them to make informed decisions about which contrast agent to use for different patients and procedures.

Aspect Trial 1 (NCT00390585) Trial 2 (NCT01255722)
Main Objective Compare Iodixanol 320 vs Iomeprol 350 for contrast-induced nephropathy Compare Iobitridol 350 vs Iopromide 370 and Iomeprol 400 for CT image quality
Patient Group Patients with impaired renal function undergoing PCI Patients suspected of coronary artery disease
Primary Outcome Incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy Rate of evaluable CT scans for coronary artery stenosis
Secondary Outcomes Duration of hospitalization, incidence of acute kidney failure, mortality, myocardial infarction Image quality, coronary track rate, signal attenuation, SNR, CNR
Study Design Randomized, comparative study Comparative study with blinded outcome assessment

FAQ

  • What is Iomeprol used for in these clinical trials? In these trials, Iomeprol is used as a contrast agent for medical imaging procedures, specifically in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and coronary CT angiography.
  • How does Iomeprol compare to other contrast agents in terms of kidney function? One trial compares Iomeprol 350 to Iodixanol 320 to evaluate their effects on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with impaired renal function undergoing PCI. The study aims to determine if Iodixanol 320 is associated with a lower incidence of CIN compared to Iomeprol 350.
  • What is the purpose of using Iomeprol in CT angiography? In the CT angiography trial, Iomeprol (Iomeron® 400) is compared to other contrast agents with different iodine concentrations to assess image quality and evaluability in identifying coronary artery stenosis.
  • What are the main outcomes measured in these trials? The main outcomes include the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy, image quality in CT scans, rate of evaluable CT scans, signal attenuation, and signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratios in the images.
  • Are there any specific patient groups involved in these trials? Yes, the trials involve patients with impaired renal function undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions and patients suspected of having coronary artery disease who are undergoing coronary CT angiography.

Ongoing Clinical Trials on Iomeprol

  • Study on Heart Health in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Using Semaglutide and Dapagliflozin Combination

    Recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Denmark

  • Study on Preventing Kidney Problems in Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients Using Carbon Dioxide and Iopamidol, Iomeprol, and Iopromide During Vascular Procedures

    Recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Austria Germany

  • A study to compare using a half dose of iomeprol versus a standard dose of iomeprol for imaging lung tumors with spectral CT scans.

    Not yet recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Spain

  • Study of Carbon Dioxide versus Iodine Contrast in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Having Fenestrated Endovascular Repair

    Not yet recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Sweden

  • Study on the Use of Iomeprol in Contrast Enhanced Mammography for Identifying Breast Cancer in Patients with BIRADS 4 or 5 Lesions

    Not yet recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Italy

  • Study on Swallowing and Quality of Life in Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Patients Using Cisplatin and Drug Combination

    Not recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Belgium

  • Study on Pulmonary Embolism: Comparing Iomeprol Dosages in CT Scans for Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Embolism

    Not recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Spain

Glossary

  • Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN): A condition where kidney function declines after the use of contrast agents in medical imaging procedures.
  • Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI): A non-surgical procedure used to treat narrowed coronary arteries of the heart found in coronary artery disease.
  • CT angiography: A medical imaging technique using computed tomography (CT) to visualize blood vessels and organs, especially to diagnose coronary artery disease.
  • Iodixanol: An iso-osmolar, dimeric, non-ionic contrast agent used in medical imaging.
  • Iobitridol: A contrast agent used in medical imaging, particularly in CT scans.
  • Iopromide: A contrast agent used in medical imaging procedures.
  • Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR): A measure used to compare the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise in medical imaging.
  • Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR): A measure used to determine image quality by comparing the contrast of an object to the image noise.
  • Hounsfield Unit (HU): A quantitative scale used in computed tomography (CT) scanning to describe radiodensity.
  • Coronary artery stenosis: The narrowing of the coronary arteries, which can restrict blood flow to the heart muscle.

References

  1. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00390585
  2. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01255722