Domvanalimab is a type of medication known as an antibody. It works by helping the body’s immune system recognize and attack cancer cells. In this trial, Domvanalimab is being used to treat patients with certain types of rare cancers that have not responded well to other treatments. By blocking specific proteins that help cancer cells hide from the immune system, Domvanalimab aims to enhance the body’s natural ability to fight cancer.

Zimberelimab is another antibody medication used in this trial. It is designed to boost the immune system’s response against cancer cells. Zimberelimab works by targeting and blocking a protein that usually helps cancer cells evade the immune system. By doing so, it helps the immune system to better detect and destroy cancer cells. This medication is being tested in combination with Domvanalimab to see if they work better together in treating rare cancers that have not improved with standard treatments.

Peritoneal Mesothelioma – Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare cancer that occurs in the lining of the abdomen, known as the peritoneum. It typically begins with the formation of small nodules on the peritoneal surface, which can grow and merge into larger masses. As the disease progresses, it can cause abdominal pain, swelling, and digestive issues due to the accumulation of fluid and tumor growth. The cancer cells can spread to nearby organs and tissues, leading to further complications. Over time, the disease can become more aggressive, affecting the patient’s overall health and quality of life.

Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor – Gestational trophoblastic tumor is a group of rare tumors that involve abnormal growth of cells inside a woman’s uterus. These tumors originate from the tissue that forms after conception, specifically the trophoblast cells that normally develop into the placenta. The disease can progress from benign forms, like hydatidiform mole, to malignant forms, such as choriocarcinoma. As it advances, it can invade the uterine wall and spread to other parts of the body, including the lungs and brain. Symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, and an enlarged uterus.

B3 Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma – B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma are types of tumors that originate in the thymus gland, located in the chest. B3 thymoma is characterized by a mixture of lymphocytes and epithelial cells, while thymic carcinoma is more aggressive and resembles other types of cancer. As these tumors grow, they can cause symptoms such as chest pain, cough, and difficulty breathing due to pressure on nearby structures. The disease can spread to surrounding tissues and organs, including the lungs and lymph nodes. Over time, the tumors may become more invasive, affecting the patient’s respiratory function and overall health.

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma – Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare and aggressive form of thyroid cancer. It typically presents as a rapidly growing mass in the neck, which can cause symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and shortness of breath. The cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and spread to distant parts of the body, including the lungs and bones. As the disease progresses, it can lead to significant changes in the neck’s appearance and function. The rapid growth and spread of the tumor can severely impact the patient’s quality of life.

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor and Carcinoid Tumor – Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) and carcinoid tumors are rare cancers that arise from neuroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. These tumors can produce hormones that cause various symptoms, such as flushing, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. As they grow, they can obstruct the digestive tract and spread to the liver and other organs. The disease progression can vary, with some tumors growing slowly and others more rapidly. Over time, the tumors can lead to significant digestive and systemic issues, affecting the patient’s overall well-being.