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Ioversol

Ioversol, also known by its brand name Optiray®, is an iodinated contrast medium used in medical imaging procedures. This article explores various clinical trials investigating the use of Ioversol in different patient populations and medical conditions. These studies aim to evaluate its safety, efficacy, and potential side effects, particularly in relation to kidney function and thyroid health.

Table of Contents

What is Ioversol?

Ioversol is a type of iodinated contrast medium used in medical imaging procedures. It’s also known by its brand name Optiray[1]. Contrast media are substances used to enhance the visibility of internal body structures in imaging techniques such as CT scans (Computed Tomography). Ioversol contains iodine, which helps to create clearer images of blood vessels, organs, and other tissues in the body.

Medical Uses of Ioversol

Ioversol is used in various medical imaging procedures to help diagnose and monitor different conditions. Some of the medical uses include:

  • Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Ioversol is used in coronary angiography, a procedure that helps doctors visualize the blood vessels of the heart[2].
  • Renal Impairment: It’s used in imaging studies for patients with kidney problems, though special precautions are taken in these cases[2][3].
  • Diabetes Mellitus: Patients with diabetes may receive Ioversol for various imaging studies[2].
  • Cancer-related procedures: Ioversol is used in CT scans for patients undergoing treatments like stem cell transplantation for conditions such as myelodysplastic syndromes, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and multiple myeloma[4].

How is Ioversol Administered?

Ioversol is typically administered intravascularly, which means it’s injected directly into a vein[1]. The exact method of administration can vary depending on the specific imaging procedure:

  • For CT scans, a specific amount of Ioversol (often 125 mL of Ioversol 320 mgI/mL) may be injected into a vein[3].
  • In some cases, such as abdominal CT scans, patients might also be given an oral contrast to drink before the procedure to help visualize the bowel[4].
  • The dose and rate of administration are determined by the physician based on factors such as the type of procedure, the patient’s condition, and local clinical practice[1].

Safety Considerations

While Ioversol is generally considered safe, there are some important safety considerations:

  • Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN): This is a potential side effect where kidney function temporarily declines after receiving contrast media. It’s typically defined as an increase in serum creatinine (a measure of kidney function) of ≥25% or ≥0.5 mg/dL from baseline within 48-72 hours after contrast administration[3].
  • Allergic Reactions: As with any medication, there’s a risk of allergic reactions. These are monitored closely, especially in the hours immediately following contrast administration[4].
  • Thyroid Function: In some cases, especially in young children, iodinated contrast media may affect thyroid function. This is typically monitored in follow-up care[1].

Clinical Studies Involving Ioversol

Several clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Ioversol:

  • A study comparing Ioversol with other contrast media (Iodixanol and Iopromide) in patients at risk of kidney damage undergoing coronary angiography[2].
  • A study comparing Ioversol (Optiray) with Iodixanol (Visipaque) in patients with reduced kidney function undergoing contrast-enhanced CT scans[3].
  • A study evaluating the risk of hypothyroidism in young children (up to 3 years old) after receiving Ioversol and other contrast media[1].
  • A study assessing the use of contrast-enhanced CT scans (using Ioversol) to predict the risk of graft-versus-host disease in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation[4].

These studies help to ensure the safety and effectiveness of Ioversol in various medical applications and patient populations.

Aspect Details
Primary Uses Medical imaging procedures (CT scans, coronary angiography)
Main Research Focus Effects on kidney function, risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)
Patient Populations Studied Pediatric patients, adults with reduced kidney function, patients undergoing stem cell transplantation
Comparison Studies Ioversol vs. Iodixanol, Iohexol, and Iopromide
Safety Considerations Risk of CIN, potential effects on thyroid function in children
Dosage Varies by study and procedure (e.g., 125 mL for some CT scans)

FAQ

  • What is Ioversol used for in medical imaging? Ioversol is an iodinated contrast medium used in various medical imaging procedures, such as computed tomography (CT) scans and coronary angiography. It helps to enhance the visibility of internal structures and blood vessels during these diagnostic tests.
  • Are there any potential risks associated with using Ioversol? Yes, there are potential risks associated with Ioversol use. Clinical trials are investigating its effects on kidney function, particularly the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). There's also ongoing research on its potential impact on thyroid function in pediatric patients.
  • How does Ioversol compare to other contrast media? Several clinical trials are comparing Ioversol to other contrast media such as Iodixanol, Iohexol, and Iopromide. These studies aim to evaluate their relative effects on kidney function and their overall safety profiles in different patient populations.
  • What is contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)? Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an acute decline in kidney function that can occur after the administration of iodinated contrast agents like Ioversol. It's typically defined as an increase in serum creatinine levels of 25% or more, or an absolute increase of 0.5 mg/dL or more, within 48-72 hours after contrast medium administration.
  • Are there any special considerations for using Ioversol in patients with reduced kidney function? Yes, patients with reduced kidney function are often considered at higher risk for contrast-induced nephropathy. Some clinical trials are specifically focusing on the effects of Ioversol in patients with stable reduced renal function to better understand its safety profile in this population.

Ongoing Clinical Trials on Ioversol

  • Study on the Effect of Genicular Arteries Embolization with Ioversol and Ethyl Esters of Iodised Fatty Acids in Patients with Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis

    Recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated drugs:
    France

  • Study on Preventing Kidney Problems in Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients Using Carbon Dioxide and Iopamidol, Iomeprol, and Iopromide During Vascular Procedures

    Recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Austria Germany

Glossary

  • Iodinated Contrast Medium (ICM): A substance containing iodine that is used in medical imaging to enhance the visibility of internal body structures in X-rays or CT scans.
  • Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN): An acute decline in kidney function that can occur after the administration of iodinated contrast agents, typically defined as an increase in serum creatinine levels.
  • Serum Creatinine (SCr): A waste product in the blood that's normally filtered out by the kidneys. Its levels in the blood are used as an indicator of kidney function.
  • Hypothyroidism: A condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroid hormones, which can affect metabolism and other body functions.
  • Thyroid Function Tests: Blood tests that check how well the thyroid gland is working by measuring levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
  • Coronary Angiography: A procedure that uses contrast medium and X-rays to visualize the coronary arteries and diagnose heart conditions.
  • Computed Tomography (CT): A medical imaging technique that uses X-rays and computer processing to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body.
  • Intravascular: Within or administered into blood vessels.
  • Graft-versus-Host Disease (GVHD): A complication that can occur after a stem cell or bone marrow transplant, where the donor cells attack the recipient's tissues.
  • Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A procedure where a person receives blood-forming stem cells from a genetically similar, but not identical, donor.

References

  1. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03631771
  2. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00335101
  3. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00793182
  4. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02117115