Pembrolizumab is a type of immunotherapy that helps your immune system fight cancer. It works by blocking a specific protein on cancer cells, which allows your immune system to better recognize and attack these cells.

Enfortumab Vedotin is a targeted therapy that combines an antibody with a chemotherapy drug. The antibody part helps the medication find and attach to cancer cells, while the chemotherapy part helps kill the cancer cells. This combination aims to reduce the growth and spread of cancer.

Collecting Duct Carcinoma – This is a rare type of kidney cancer that originates in the ducts of the kidney where urine is collected. It is known for its aggressive nature and tends to spread quickly to other parts of the body. The disease often presents with symptoms such as blood in the urine, pain in the side or back, and a palpable mass in the abdomen. As it progresses, patients may experience weight loss, fatigue, and swelling in the legs. It is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage due to its rapid progression and lack of early symptoms.

Medullary Renal Cell Carcinoma – This is a rare and aggressive form of kidney cancer that primarily affects young adults, often those with sickle cell trait. It originates in the renal medulla, the innermost part of the kidney. The disease is characterized by rapid growth and early spread to other organs. Common symptoms include blood in the urine, flank pain, and a palpable abdominal mass. As the disease advances, individuals may experience systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and fatigue. It is often diagnosed at a late stage due to its aggressive nature and non-specific early symptoms.