Rivaroxaban is a medication used in this clinical trial to see if it can help reduce the risk of serious heart and blood vessel problems. These problems include heart attacks, strokes, and issues with blood flow in the legs. The trial is focused on patients who have advanced kidney disease or are on dialysis, as they are at a higher risk for these cardiovascular issues. Rivaroxaban is being tested to see if it can provide benefits in these patients by lowering the chances of these events happening.

Chronic Kidney Disease – This condition involves the gradual loss of kidney function over time. As the disease progresses, the kidneys become less effective at filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood. This can lead to a buildup of waste products in the body, causing symptoms such as fatigue, swelling, and high blood pressure. In advanced stages, kidney function may decline significantly, potentially requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant. The disease can also increase the risk of cardiovascular problems due to the strain on the heart and blood vessels. Chronic kidney disease often progresses slowly, and symptoms may not appear until significant damage has occurred.

Cardiovascular Disease – This term encompasses a range of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels. It often involves narrowed or blocked blood vessels, which can lead to heart attacks, chest pain, or strokes. As the disease progresses, it can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and irregular heartbeats. Risk factors include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes. Over time, cardiovascular disease can lead to serious complications, impacting overall health and quality of life. It is a leading cause of illness and can affect individuals differently based on various factors.