Disitamab Vedotin is a type of targeted cancer treatment known as an antibody-drug conjugate. It is designed to find and attach to a specific protein called HER2, which is found on the surface of some cancer cells. Once attached, it delivers a powerful drug directly into the cancer cell to help kill it. This medication is being tested to see how well it works on its own in patients who have already received other treatments for their cancer.

Pembrolizumab is a type of immunotherapy that helps your immune system fight cancer. It works by blocking a protein called PD-1, which can stop the immune system from attacking cancer cells. By blocking this protein, pembrolizumab helps the immune system recognize and destroy cancer cells more effectively. In this trial, it is being tested in combination with disitamab vedotin to see if the two medications together can improve treatment outcomes for patients who have not yet received treatment for their cancer.

Urothelial carcinoma – Urothelial carcinoma is a type of cancer that begins in the urothelial cells lining the bladder and other parts of the urinary tract. It typically starts in the bladder but can also occur in the ureters and renal pelvis. The disease progresses as the cancer cells grow and invade deeper layers of the bladder wall and potentially spread to nearby tissues and organs. Over time, it may metastasize to distant parts of the body, such as the lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and bones. The progression of the disease can vary, with some cases remaining superficial and others becoming more invasive. The growth and spread of the cancer cells can lead to various symptoms, including blood in the urine, frequent urination, and pain during urination.