Unfractionated Heparin is a medication used to prevent blood clots. In this study, it is being used to help patients who are receiving a type of life support called Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). This medication works by thinning the blood, which helps to stop clots from forming in the blood vessels.

Argatroban is another medication used to prevent blood clots. It is different from unfractionated heparin because it directly blocks a protein in the blood that helps clots form. In this study, Argatroban is being tested to see if it is as effective as other medications in preventing clots during ECMO therapy.

Enoxaparin is a type of low-molecular-weight heparin, which is also used to prevent blood clots. It works similarly to unfractionated heparin but is often given in a different way. In this study, Enoxaparin is being compared to the other medications to see how well it prevents clots in patients on ECMO support.

Respiratory Insufficiency – This condition occurs when the lungs cannot take in enough oxygen or expel enough carbon dioxide. It can develop slowly over time or suddenly. The body may try to compensate by increasing breathing rate. As it progresses, symptoms like shortness of breath and fatigue become more pronounced. In severe cases, it can lead to confusion or a bluish tint to the skin due to lack of oxygen. It often requires medical intervention to manage effectively.

Respiratory Failure – This is a severe condition where the respiratory system fails to maintain adequate gas exchange. It can be acute or chronic, with acute cases developing rapidly. The body struggles to get enough oxygen or remove carbon dioxide, leading to symptoms like difficulty breathing and confusion. As it progresses, it can cause organ dysfunction due to lack of oxygen. It often requires immediate medical attention to support breathing. Chronic cases may develop over time and require long-term management.

Circulatory Failure – Also known as shock, this condition occurs when the circulatory system fails to supply enough blood to the body’s tissues. It can result from various causes, including heart problems or severe blood loss. As it progresses, it can lead to symptoms like rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and confusion. The body may try to compensate by constricting blood vessels and increasing heart rate. Without adequate blood flow, organs can become damaged. It requires prompt medical intervention to restore circulation.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – This is a severe lung condition that occurs when fluid builds up in the air sacs, preventing enough oxygen from reaching the bloodstream. It often develops quickly in response to an injury or infection. As it progresses, it causes severe shortness of breath and low blood oxygen levels. The lungs become stiff, making breathing difficult. It can lead to rapid breathing and a feeling of suffocation. It requires immediate medical care to support breathing and oxygenation.