High-Flow Nasal Oxygenation (HFNO) is a type of oxygen therapy that delivers warm, humidified oxygen through nasal cannulas at high flow rates. This therapy helps patients breathe more easily by providing a constant flow of oxygen. It’s commonly used in intensive care settings for patients who need respiratory support.

Non-invasive Ventilation (NIV) is a method of providing breathing support through a mask that fits over the nose or mouth, without requiring insertion of a breathing tube. This therapy helps patients get more oxygen while reducing the work of breathing. It’s particularly useful for patients with respiratory difficulties who need temporary breathing assistance.

These therapies are being compared to evaluate their effectiveness in maintaining oxygen levels during the intubation procedure in patients who have difficulty breathing and low oxygen levels in intensive care.

Hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure – A condition where the lungs cannot take in enough oxygen to meet the body’s needs, resulting in low oxygen levels in the blood. It develops when there is damage to the lung tissue or when fluid builds up in the air sacs of the lungs. The condition can progress rapidly, causing difficulty breathing and increased breathing rate. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and a bluish tint to the skin or lips. The condition affects the normal exchange of gases in the lungs, specifically reducing the amount of oxygen that passes from the air sacs into the bloodstream.