This clinical trial is focused on studying the treatment of glucose intolerance in women who have previously experienced gestational diabetes, a condition where blood sugar levels become high during pregnancy. The study will use a medication called semaglutide, which is administered as a solution for injection using a pre-filled pen. Semaglutide is also known by its code name, NNC0113-0217. Participants in the study will receive either semaglutide or a placebo, which is an inactive substance that looks like the medication but does not contain the active ingredient.

The purpose of the study is to compare the development of type 2 diabetes over a period of 160 weeks between those receiving semaglutide and those receiving the placebo. The study will monitor participants’ blood sugar levels using tests such as fasting glycaemia, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and HbA1c, which is a measure of average blood sugar levels over the past three months. These tests will help determine if semaglutide can effectively prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes and current glucose intolerance.

Throughout the study, participants will be regularly assessed to track their health and any changes in their condition. The study will also look at secondary outcomes, such as the need for additional diabetes treatment, changes in body weight, and improvements in blood sugar control. The trial aims to provide valuable insights into the potential benefits of semaglutide for preventing type 2 diabetes in this specific group of women.