This clinical trial is focused on studying a type of cancer called Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC), which affects the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. The study is testing a new treatment called Ifinatamab deruxtecan, also known by its code name DS-7300a. This treatment is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), which is a special type of medicine designed to target and kill cancer cells. The trial will compare this new treatment to other chemotherapy options chosen by doctors, such as Docetaxel, Irinotecan Hydrochloride, and Paclitaxel.

The purpose of the study is to see if Ifinatamab deruxtecan can help people with advanced or metastatic ESCC live longer compared to the other chemotherapy treatments. Participants in the study will receive the treatment through an intravenous infusion, which means the medicine is given directly into a vein. The study will last for a period of up to 54 weeks, during which participants will be closely monitored by healthcare professionals. The study will also look at how the treatment affects the quality of life and any side effects that may occur.

Throughout the study, participants will undergo regular check-ups and imaging tests like computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to track the progress of the disease. The study aims to provide valuable information on the effectiveness and safety of Ifinatamab deruxtecan for treating ESCC, potentially offering a new option for patients with this challenging condition.