SGLT2 inhibitor is a type of medication that helps lower blood sugar levels by preventing the kidneys from reabsorbing glucose back into the blood. In this trial, it is being studied as an additional treatment alongside standard blood pressure medications. SGLT2 inhibitors may help protect the heart and kidneys while also helping to control blood pressure.

Standard antihypertensive medications are conventional medications used to treat high blood pressure. These medications work in different ways to help lower blood pressure and protect against heart-related complications. They form the baseline treatment in this study, with the SGLT2 inhibitor being added to evaluate additional benefits.

Arterial Hypertension – A chronic cardiovascular condition where blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated above normal levels. The condition develops when the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels remains consistently high. Blood pressure is measured using two numbers: systolic pressure (when the heart beats) and diastolic pressure (when the heart rests between beats). Hypertension can gradually damage blood vessels and organs over time if not properly managed. The condition often develops slowly over many years and may exist without noticeable symptoms.

Heart Failure – A condition where the heart cannot pump blood effectively enough to meet the body’s needs. The heart continues to work but becomes less efficient at delivering oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. This can cause fluid to build up in various parts of the body, particularly the lungs, ankles, and feet. The condition can develop gradually over time as the heart becomes weaker or less able to fill properly.

Atrial Fibrillation – An irregular heart rhythm condition where the upper chambers of the heart beat chaotically and out of coordination with the lower chambers. This irregular heartbeat can cause poor blood flow through the heart. The condition can be occasional, persistent, or permanent, and often causes the heart to beat faster than normal.

Type 2 Diabetes – A metabolic disorder that affects how the body processes glucose (blood sugar). In this condition, the body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or becomes resistant to insulin’s effects. The condition typically develops gradually, and blood sugar levels rise slowly over time. Early stages may not show obvious symptoms.