This study focuses on hypothalamic obesity, which is a type of extreme weight gain caused by damage to the hypothalamus, the part of the brain that controls hunger and energy use. This condition often occurs after a person has been treated for a craniopharyngioma, which is a rare, non-cancerous tumor located near the pituitary gland at the base of the brain. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of semaglutide in managing weight in children and teenagers with this condition.

Participants will be assigned to receive either semaglutide or a placebo through a subcutaneous injection, which is a medical procedure where medicine is injected into the fatty layer just under the skin. Over the course of the study, some participants will receive the medication immediately, while others may experience a delay before starting the treatment. The amount of medicine will be increased gradually over several weeks until a stable dose is reached to ensure safety and effectiveness.