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Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Ex-Vivo Expanded

Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Ex-Vivo Expanded, are being studied in clinical trials as a potential treatment for various medical conditions. This advanced cell therapy involves using specially prepared cells from adipose (fat) tissue to potentially help patients with severe systemic sclerosis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS-TEN). The trials aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of these cells when administered intravenously to patients with these challenging conditions.

Table of Contents

What are Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells?

Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (ASCs) are a type of cell therapy that shows promise in treating various severe autoimmune conditions. These cells, also known as MxASC01 or expanded allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from abdominal adipose tissue, are derived from fat tissue (adipose) of healthy donors and are expanded in a laboratory setting[1][2].

The term “allogeneic” means that these cells come from a donor rather than the patient’s own body. “Mesenchymal stromal cells” are a type of stem cell that can develop into different types of cells and have unique properties that make them valuable for treating certain diseases.

How Do These Cells Work?

ASCs have several mechanisms that make them potentially effective in treating autoimmune conditions:

  • Immunomodulation: They can regulate the immune system, potentially reducing harmful inflammation[1].
  • Tissue repair: These cells may help in repairing damaged tissues[1].
  • Anti-inflammatory effects: ASCs can reduce inflammation in the body[1].

What Conditions Are Being Treated?

Current clinical trials are investigating the use of ASCs in treating:

  • Systemic Sclerosis (SSc): A rare autoimmune disease that causes hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues[1].
  • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS-TEN): A severe skin reaction, often caused by medications, that causes skin to blister and peel off[2].

How Are They Administered?

ASCs are administered through intravenous infusion. This means they are delivered directly into the bloodstream through a vein. The typical dose being studied is 2 million cells per kilogram of body weight[1][2].

Current Clinical Trials

Two notable clinical trials are currently underway:

  1. MSC-AT-SSc Trial: This Phase I/II trial is studying the use of ASCs in patients with severe systemic sclerosis. It aims to evaluate the safety and potential efficacy of one or two infusions of ASCs[1].
  2. LYSYME Trial: This Phase I/II trial is investigating the use of ASCs in patients with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS-TEN). It aims to assess the safety and efficacy of ASCs in promoting skin healing in these patients[2].

Safety and Efficacy

The primary focus of these trials is to evaluate the safety of ASC treatment. Researchers are monitoring for any adverse effects, particularly those that might be severe. In terms of efficacy, the trials are looking at various outcomes, including:

  • Improvements in skin condition (for both SSc and SJS-TEN)[1][2]
  • Changes in lung function (for SSc)[1]
  • Quality of life improvements[1]
  • Rate of skin healing (for SJS-TEN)[2]

Future Research and Potential

These clinical trials represent early-stage research into the potential of ASCs for treating severe autoimmune conditions. If successful, this treatment could offer new hope for patients with conditions that currently have limited treatment options. Future research may explore:

  • The use of ASCs in other autoimmune or inflammatory conditions
  • Optimal dosing and treatment schedules
  • Long-term effects and potential for disease modification

As with any experimental treatment, it’s important for patients to discuss the potential risks and benefits with their healthcare providers and to understand that more research is needed to fully establish the safety and efficacy of this therapy.

Aspect Details
Treatment Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Ex-Vivo Expanded
Administration Intravenous infusion, 2×10^6 cells/kg
Conditions Studied Severe Systemic Sclerosis, Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS-TEN)
Primary Objectives Evaluate safety and efficacy in improving skin condition and organ function
Secondary Objectives Assess impact on disease progression, survival rates, and immune response
Key Inclusion Criteria Adult patients with confirmed diagnoses, meeting specific disease severity criteria
Key Exclusion Criteria Recent malignancies, active infections, certain comorbidities
Follow-up Period Up to 12 months post-treatment

FAQ

  • What are Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells? These are specialized cells derived from fat tissue of donors, which are expanded in a laboratory. They are then given to patients (allogeneic means from a different person) to potentially help with certain medical conditions.
  • What conditions are being studied using these cells? The clinical trials are focusing on severe systemic sclerosis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS-TEN), which are serious conditions affecting the skin and other organs.
  • How are these cells administered to patients? The cells are given to patients through intravenous infusion, which means they are delivered directly into the bloodstream over a period of 45 minutes to 1 hour.
  • What are the main goals of these clinical trials? The primary goals are to evaluate the safety of the treatment and to assess its effectiveness in improving symptoms and outcomes for patients with these conditions.
  • Who can participate in these clinical trials? Eligibility varies, but generally includes adult patients with confirmed diagnoses of the conditions being studied, who meet specific criteria regarding disease severity and other health factors. Healthy volunteers may also be needed as cell donors in some cases.

Ongoing Clinical Trials on Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Ex-Vivo Expanded

  • Treatment with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Adults with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS-TEN) Affecting More Than 10% of Body Surface

    Recruiting

    1 1 1
    Investigated drugs:
    France

  • Study on the Safety of Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Patients with Severe Systemic Sclerosis

    Recruiting

    2 1
    Investigated drugs:
    France

Glossary

  • Allogeneic: Cells or tissues that come from a genetically different donor of the same species.
  • Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A type of cell that can develop into different types of tissues and has potential therapeutic properties.
  • Ex-Vivo Expanded: Cells that have been grown and multiplied outside the body in a laboratory setting.
  • Systemic Sclerosis: A rare autoimmune disease that causes hardening and tightening of the skin and can affect internal organs.
  • Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS-TEN): Severe skin reactions usually caused by certain medications, resulting in skin peeling and potential damage to internal organs.
  • Intravenous Infusion: A method of delivering medications or fluids directly into a vein.
  • Clinical Trial: A research study that tests how well new medical approaches work in people.
  • SCORTEN scale: A scoring system used to predict mortality in patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis.
  • Th1/Th2 immune response: Different types of immune system responses that play roles in various diseases and conditions.
  • Epidermal chimerism: The presence of cells from a donor in the recipient's skin after treatment.

References

  1. http://clinicaltrials.eu/trial/study-on-the-safety-of-allogeneic-adipose-derived-mesenchymal-stromal-cells-for-patients-with-severe-systemic-sclerosis/
  2. http://clinicaltrials.eu/trial-id/2024-516404-42-00