ADP-A2M4 SPEAR™ T cells are a type of therapy used in this clinical trial. These are specially modified T cells that are taken from the patient’s own body. They are genetically altered to better recognize and attack cancer cells. In this study, they are used to treat patients with advanced synovial sarcoma or myxoid/round cell liposarcoma, which are specific types of cancer. The goal is to see how effective these modified T cells are in targeting and fighting the cancer in patients who have a specific genetic marker called HLA-A*02 and whose cancer cells express a protein known as MAGE-A4.

Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma – This is a type of cancer that originates in fat cells and is characterized by a mix of myxoid (gel-like) and round cell components. It typically occurs in the deep soft tissues of the limbs, particularly the thighs. The disease progresses as the tumor grows and may spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs. The myxoid component is usually more common, but as the round cell component increases, the tumor becomes more aggressive. Patients may experience swelling or a noticeable mass in the affected area. The progression can vary, with some tumors growing slowly while others may advance more rapidly.

Advanced Synovial Sarcoma – This is a rare type of cancer that arises in the tissues around joints, such as tendons and ligaments. It is called “synovial” because it resembles the synovial tissue found in joints, although it does not originate from it. The disease often affects young adults and can occur in any part of the body, but it is most commonly found in the arms or legs. As it progresses, the tumor may grow larger and invade nearby tissues, potentially spreading to other areas like the lungs. Symptoms can include a painful or painless mass, swelling, and reduced range of motion in the affected joint. The progression of synovial sarcoma can vary, with some cases remaining localized while others may metastasize.