Dapagliflozin is a medication used in this trial to assess its impact on kidney function in patients who have received a heart transplant. It is typically used to help control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes, but in this study, its potential benefits for protecting kidney function in heart transplant recipients are being evaluated.

Kidney Failure – Kidney failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and excess fluids from the blood effectively. This condition can develop rapidly or gradually over time, depending on the underlying cause. As kidney function declines, waste products and fluids can build up in the body, leading to symptoms such as swelling, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. In the early stages, there may be few noticeable symptoms, but as the condition progresses, more severe symptoms can develop. Chronic kidney failure is often the result of long-term conditions like diabetes or high blood pressure. Acute kidney failure, on the other hand, can occur suddenly due to injury or illness.

Heart Transplant – A heart transplant is a surgical procedure in which a diseased or failing heart is replaced with a healthier donor heart. This procedure is typically considered when other treatments for heart conditions have not been successful. The progression of heart disease leading to a transplant can vary, often involving conditions like coronary artery disease or cardiomyopathy. Patients may experience symptoms such as severe fatigue, shortness of breath, and fluid retention as their heart function declines. The process of receiving a heart transplant involves extensive evaluation and waiting for a suitable donor. Post-transplant, patients require lifelong medical care to manage the risk of rejection and other complications.