This clinical trial is focused on studying Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Failure. The study will use different substances to measure how well the kidneys are working. These substances include Sodium Iotalamate (125I), Sodium Iodohippurate (131I), and Iohexol. Additionally, Epinephrine and Clemastine are involved in the study. The purpose of the study is to determine if the kidney function measurement using Sodium Iotalamate (125I) and Sodium Iodohippurate (131I) is equivalent to the measurement using Iohexol.
Participants in the study will receive these substances through an injection into a vein. The study will compare the results from these different substances to see if they provide similar information about kidney function. The study will involve a single treatment period, and participants will be monitored to ensure their safety throughout the process.
By comparing these methods, the study aims to find the best way to measure kidney function without using radioactive substances. This could help improve the care and treatment of people with kidney problems in the future. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the study substances or a placebo, and their kidney function will be measured and compared.



The Netherlands