Light therapy is a non-medication treatment that involves exposure to bright artificial light at specific times of the day. It helps regulate the body’s natural sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) and is used to treat depression, especially when it’s accompanied by sleep problems. The therapy is delivered through a special light box that provides controlled amounts of bright light.

Melatonin is a hormone naturally produced by the body that helps regulate sleep patterns. As a medication, it is used to help people who have difficulty sleeping and can help adjust the body’s internal clock. It may be particularly helpful for people who experience both depression and sleep problems.

Insomnia – A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both, despite having adequate time and opportunity for sleep. People with insomnia often experience poor sleep quality, wake up feeling unrefreshed, and may have trouble functioning during the day. The condition can be short-term or persist for months or longer.

Major Depressive Episode – A period of at least two weeks during which a person experiences persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, and changes in daily functioning. Common features include changes in sleep patterns, appetite changes, difficulty concentrating, decreased energy, and feelings of worthlessness. The condition affects both emotional and physical well-being, impacting daily activities and social interactions.