Metronomic Therapy is a treatment approach that involves giving patients lower doses of chemotherapy drugs more frequently. This method aims to minimize side effects while still effectively targeting cancer cells. In this trial, metronomic therapy is used to help control the growth of tumors by continuously attacking the cancer cells over time.

Anti-Angiogenic Therapy is a type of treatment that focuses on stopping the formation of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. By cutting off the blood supply, this therapy aims to starve the tumor, preventing it from getting the nutrients it needs to expand. This approach is particularly useful in treating cancers that are known to rely heavily on blood vessel growth.

Medulloblastoma – Medulloblastoma is a type of brain tumor that originates in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls balance and coordination. It is most commonly found in children and can spread to other parts of the brain and spinal cord. The disease progresses as the tumor grows, potentially causing symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and balance problems. As it advances, it may lead to increased intracranial pressure and neurological deficits. The tumor can also metastasize through the cerebrospinal fluid, affecting other areas of the central nervous system.

Ependymoma – Ependymoma is a tumor that arises from ependymal cells lining the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. It can occur at any age but is more common in children. The disease progresses as the tumor enlarges, potentially causing symptoms like headaches, nausea, and vision problems due to increased intracranial pressure. In the spinal cord, it may lead to back pain and neurological deficits. Ependymomas can spread within the central nervous system but rarely metastasize outside it.

Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT) – Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor (ATRT) is a rare and aggressive tumor that typically occurs in the central nervous system, often in the brain. It primarily affects young children and is characterized by rapid growth. As the disease progresses, it can cause symptoms such as headaches, vomiting, and changes in behavior or motor skills due to increased pressure on the brain. ATRT can spread to other parts of the brain and spinal cord. The tumor’s aggressive nature often leads to significant neurological impairment as it advances.