rATG is a medication used in this clinical trial to help prevent the body from rejecting a new kidney after a transplant. It works by reducing the activity of the immune system, which is the body’s defense system that can sometimes attack the new kidney as if it were a harmful invader. By calming down the immune system, rATG helps the body accept the new kidney more easily.

Basiliximab is another medication used in the trial to prevent the body from rejecting a transplanted kidney. It works by blocking certain signals in the immune system that can lead to rejection. This helps the body accept the new kidney and reduces the risk of complications after the transplant. Basiliximab is often used in combination with other medications to provide a more comprehensive approach to preventing rejection.

Kidney Transplant Rejection – Kidney transplant rejection occurs when the recipient’s immune system attacks the transplanted kidney, viewing it as a foreign object. This process can be acute or chronic, with acute rejection happening within the first few months post-transplant and chronic rejection developing over a longer period. Acute rejection is characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function, often accompanied by symptoms such as fever, pain over the transplant site, and reduced urine output. Chronic rejection progresses more slowly and may lead to gradual loss of kidney function. The immune response involves both cellular and antibody-mediated mechanisms, which can damage the kidney tissue. Monitoring and managing immune responses are crucial to prevent rejection and maintain kidney function.