This clinical trial is focused on studying the effects of a treatment for Hyperthyroidism, specifically in conditions known as Graves’ disease and toxic nodular goiter. The treatment being tested is a solution called Lugol’s solution, which contains iodine. The purpose of the study is to determine if this iodine solution can be safely used in patients with toxic nodular goiter and to see how it affects thyroid hormones and overall health. Additionally, the study aims to find out if using Lugol’s solution before surgery can reduce the risk of a temporary condition called hypoparathyroidism after the surgery.

The study is divided into two parts: a pilot study and a main study. In the pilot study, participants with toxic nodular goiter will receive the iodine solution for 10 days. During this time, researchers will monitor changes in thyroid hormone levels and heart rate. In the main study, participants with either toxic nodular goiter or Graves’ disease who are scheduled for thyroid surgery will receive the iodine solution before their operation. The researchers will then observe if there is a reduction in the risk of temporary hypoparathyroidism after the surgery.

Throughout the study, participants’ quality of life will also be evaluated. The main study will additionally look at the occurrence of permanent hypoparathyroidism and any issues with the nerves that control the voice, known as recurrent nerve palsy, both temporarily and permanently. The study is expected to continue until August 2025, with the aim of providing valuable insights into the preoperative use of iodine solution in these thyroid conditions.