This clinical trial is focused on patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for treating various blood cancers. The study is investigating the use of a treatment called Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), which involves transferring healthy bacteria from a donor’s stool to the patient’s gut. This treatment is given as a rectal suspension, meaning it is administered through the rectum.

The purpose of the study is to see if FMT can help prevent complications after the stem cell transplant. Specifically, the study aims to improve the chances of patients staying free from a condition called graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and cancer relapse for one year after their transplant. GVHD is a condition where the donor’s immune cells attack the patient’s body. The study will compare the effects of FMT with no additional treatment to see if it makes a difference in patient outcomes.

Participants in the study will receive the FMT treatment and be monitored over time to assess their health and any side effects. The study will look at various factors, including overall survival, the occurrence of infections, and the quality of life of the patients. The goal is to determine if FMT can be a safe and effective way to support patients after their stem cell transplant and improve their long-term health.