Upon joining the study, the patient is required to have a confirmed diagnosis of primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is resectable. The cancer must be completely removed through surgery.

The patient must be classified in stage IB, II, or IIIA according to specific pathological criteria. A minimum of three weeks must have passed since the surgery before the patient can be randomized into the study.

The patient is randomly assigned to one of two groups: one receiving adjuvant chemotherapy alone, and the other receiving a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

The primary goal is to evaluate the length of time the patient remains free from cancer recurrence or any new lung cancer.

For patients in the chemo-immunotherapy group, the treatment includes the administration of nivolumab, a medication given through an intravenous infusion. The specific dosage and frequency are determined by the study protocol.

The treatment phase begins between the third and tenth week after surgery and continues as per the study’s schedule.

Patients are monitored for disease-free survival, which is the time from randomization until any recurrence of cancer or death from any cause.

Overall survival is also tracked, defined as the time from randomization to death from any cause.

The study evaluates the safety and tolerability of the treatments by monitoring any adverse events, including serious adverse events and immune-related adverse events.

Laboratory tests are conducted to identify any abnormalities, and adverse events are graded according to a standardized scale.