This clinical trial is focused on studying the effectiveness of two medications, rituximab and ocrelizumab, in treating a condition known as relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). Multiple sclerosis is a disease that affects the brain and spinal cord, leading to symptoms like fatigue, difficulty walking, and vision problems. The purpose of this study is to determine if rituximab is as effective as ocrelizumab for patients who need to start treatment with a type of medication called anti-CD20 therapy.

Participants in the study will receive either rituximab or ocrelizumab, both of which are given as a solution for infusion, meaning they are administered directly into the bloodstream through a vein. The study will last for a period of 24 months, during which time participants will be monitored for any new or enlarged T2 lesions on their brain MRI scans. An MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, is a type of scan that uses magnets and radio waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. The study will also track the number of relapses, which are periods when symptoms of MS worsen, and the presence of contrast-enhancing lesions, which are areas of active inflammation in the brain.

Throughout the study, researchers will compare the results between the two groups to see if rituximab is not inferior to ocrelizumab in managing relapsing MS. This information will help doctors understand which medication might be more suitable for patients with this condition. Participants will be closely monitored by healthcare professionals to ensure their safety and well-being during the trial.