This clinical trial is focused on studying a type of lung cancer known as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has a specific genetic change called the ROS1 gene rearrangement. This study is comparing two treatments: Entrectinib (also known by its code name RO 710-2122) and Crizotinib. Both medications are taken orally in the form of hard capsules. The purpose of the study is to evaluate how effective and safe these treatments are for patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC, which means the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, including the brain.

Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either Entrectinib or Crizotinib. The study will monitor the participants over a period of time to see how the cancer responds to the treatment and to check for any side effects. The study will also look at how long the participants live without the cancer getting worse and how the treatments affect their quality of life. Some participants may receive a placebo, which is a substance with no active medication, to help compare the effects of the actual treatments.

The study aims to provide valuable information on which treatment might be more beneficial for patients with this specific type of lung cancer. It will also help understand the impact of these treatments on the brain, as some patients may have cancer that has spread to the central nervous system. The results of this study could lead to better treatment options for people with ROS1-positive NSCLC in the future.