Apixaban is a medication used in this study to help prevent blood clots. It is an anticoagulant, which means it works by making it harder for your blood to form clots. This can be especially important for patients who have had a recent surgery to replace a heart valve, as they are at a higher risk of developing clots. The goal of using apixaban in this trial is to see if it is better than aspirin at preventing serious problems like heart attacks, strokes, or clots in the lungs or legs.

Aspirin is another medication used in this study. It is commonly known for its ability to relieve pain and reduce fever, but it also has properties that help prevent blood clots. In this trial, aspirin is being used as a comparison to see if it is as effective as apixaban in preventing blood clots and other related complications in patients who have had a heart valve replacement surgery. The study aims to determine which medication is more effective in reducing the risk of serious health issues like heart attacks and strokes.

Valvular Heart Disease – Valvular heart disease involves damage to one or more of the heart’s valves, affecting how blood flows through the heart. The condition can lead to the valves not opening fully or not closing completely, causing blood to leak backward. Over time, this can result in the heart working harder to pump blood, potentially leading to heart enlargement and weakening. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, fatigue, and irregular heartbeats. The progression of the disease can vary, with some individuals experiencing rapid changes while others may have a slower progression. Regular monitoring is essential to assess the condition’s impact on heart function.