Participants are randomly assigned to receive either the lower or the standard dose of the albumin infusion at the time of the fluid‑removal procedure and are then followed for up to one year. During this period, they will have regular clinic visits where blood tests and simple questionnaires are used to check for any new health issues, such as infections of the abdominal fluid (spontaneous bacterial peritonitis), kidney problems caused by liver disease (hepatorenal syndrome – acute kidney injury), bleeding from enlarged veins in the esophagus (variceal bleeding), or changes in brain function due to liver failure (hepatic encephalopathy). The study also records overall well‑being and any hospital visits, but no technical details of the measurements are provided.

During the study, volunteers will attend regular clinic visits over about 12 weeks. At each visit, doctors will check how the disease is doing using a scoring system called the Modified Mayo Score, which looks at symptoms, a visual exam of the colon (called an endoscopic exam), and lab results. A “clinical remission” means the person’s symptoms have become minimal or disappeared, while a “clinical response” means the symptoms have improved but may not be completely gone. An “endoscopic improvement” indicates that the lining of the colon looks better when viewed with a camera, and “histologic” improvement means that tissue samples show less inflammation under a microscope. Safety will be monitored by recording any side effects and noting if anyone stops the treatment because of them.

Two treatment approaches are being compared. One group receives a combination of three drugs after an initial chemotherapy period: a taxane called paclitaxel, an antibody that blocks blood‑vessel growth named ramucirumab, and an immune‑system‑activating antibody called tislelizumab. The other group continues the standard chemotherapy regimen together with tislelizumab. Paclitaxel works by stopping cancer cells from dividing, ramucirumab stops new blood vessels that feed the tumor, and tislelizumab helps the body’s immune cells recognize and attack cancer.

The purpose of the trial is to determine whether the switch to the three‑drug combination can keep the disease from getting worse for a longer time compared with continuing the original chemotherapy. After about three months of initial therapy, participants are randomly assigned to one of the two arms and receive treatment cycles every few weeks. Tumor scans are performed roughly every two months to check for growth, and the time from random assignment until the cancer progresses or the patient dies is recorded as PFS. Safety checks and quality‑of‑life questionnaires are also completed throughout the study.

The purpose of the study is to determine whether this dose of the drug reduces the likelihood of developing pancreatitis after the procedure. Participants receive the infusion shortly before the ERCP, remain in the hospital for observation, and are checked for abdominal pain, blood test results, and any imaging signs of pancreatitis for up to 48 hours, with additional follow‑up for about a month to monitor any complications or side effects.

After the initial monitoring period, participants may have brief clinic visits or phone calls to assess recovery, quality of life, and any additional medical care needed. A small number of participants will also have blood drawn to measure drug levels, helping researchers understand how the medicine behaves in the body.

The purpose of the trial is to find out whether a planned stopping strategy is safer, works better and leads to higher satisfaction compared with continuing the usual maintenance dose of the JAK inhibitor.

Participants who meet the remission criteria will be randomly assigned to either stop the medication (receiving a placebo) or keep taking the same dose for a period of about one year, with optional follow‑up for a second year. During this time they will have regular check‑ups to monitor any return of symptoms, side effects, and overall well‑being, using simple questionnaires and routine examinations.

The purpose of the study is to assess the safety and tolerability of these treatment regimens. Participants will receive a single injection at the start and then continue receiving additional injections according to a fixed schedule over many months. Regular visits will be scheduled to check health status, and an examination of the intestine using a camera (often called an endoscopy) will be performed around week 48 to see how the lining has responded.

Throughout the trial, researchers will closely watch for any side effects that arise after treatment and will record any new health problems. The endoscopic examination will help determine whether the inner surface of the colon shows signs of healing, providing an indication of how well the medication may be working while ensuring participants remain safe.

The aim of the trial is to find out whether the mirikizumab approach leads to a higher rate of deep remission after one year. Deep remission means that a person’s symptoms are low enough to score below 150 on the CDAI (a questionnaire that rates Crohn’s disease activity), that the intestinal lining looks normal on a scope with a score of 2 or less on the SES‑CD system, and that no steroids, surgeries, fistulas, or new narrowings have been needed. Participants are followed for about 52 weeks, with regular clinic visits for medication administration, safety checks, and routine assessments of symptoms and gut health.

People with the condition will take the test powder by mouth and then provide urine samples a few hours later, while blood and stool samples will also be collected at scheduled visits. These visits will occur at the start of the study, after about six months, and again after twelve months, during which the usual diet advice will continue. The study will compare the test results with standard assessments such as the Marsh-Oberhuber classification that describes the degree of intestinal damage, to determine whether the test reliably reflects changes in the gut over time.

The aim is to see whether the combination improves the lining of the intestine better than the injectable medication alone over a 12‑week period. Participants will receive the assigned medication(s) at regular intervals and will have routine visits where doctors may use a thin camera (a endoscopic exam) to look at the intestine and check for improvement. The study will last about three months, after which the results will be evaluated.

Participants will receive one of the two medicines while they are under anesthesia for the surgery. After the operation, they will stay in the recovery area and be asked to rate their pain at several times during the first day. Pain will be measured with the Visual Analogue Scale, a simple line where patients mark how strong their pain feels, from “no pain” to “worst pain imaginable.” Researchers will also watch for common side effects such as nausea, itching, or breathing problems.

The follow‑up period lasts about 24 hours, during which the amount of additional pain medication needed and any unwanted reactions will be recorded. At the end of the study, the collected information will help decide if the new medication method can be used as an alternative to the current standard for managing pain after this surgery.