Participants will take the study tablets by mouth each day for several months and will return to the clinic for regular check‑ups, which may include imaging scans and urine tests to watch the cancer and any side effects. A “complete response” means that doctors cannot see any sign of the tumor after treatment. If the cancer was originally considered too large to be removed surgically, doctors will also see whether it becomes small enough for surgery, such as removal of part of the kidney (nephrectomy) or the entire kidney and ureter (nephroureterectomy). The study will continue until the planned treatment period ends or until a decision is made based on the participant’s health.

The purpose of this research is to determine if this treatment is both safe and effective for patients with this specific type of kidney cancer. During the study, participants will receive the medication directly into their renal pelvis (the part of the kidney that collects urine). The treatment will be monitored over time to see how well it works in treating the cancer.

This is a single-arm, open-label study, which means all participants will receive the same treatment, and there is no comparison group. The study will track how patients respond to the treatment over an extended period, with particular attention paid to any changes in their cancer status and any side effects that may occur. Participants will be followed for at least 18 months after receiving their first dose of the medication.

Patients in this study will receive zanidatamab on its own, without combining it with other cancer treatments. The medicine will be given regularly over a treatment period that can last up to 60 weeks. The doctors will check how the tumors respond to the treatment by doing regular scans and tests. Some patients in the study may have breast cancer or cancers of the stomach and food pipe area, and they may have received a specific type of HER2-targeted therapy before, which is a treatment that works against the HER2 protein. For other types of solid tumors, patients should not have had this type of treatment before.

During the study, doctors will monitor patients carefully to see if the treatment is working and to watch for any side effects. This includes checking heart function, blood tests to see how the liver and kidneys are working, and measuring the size of the tumors. Patients will also be asked about symptoms they experience using questionnaires. The study will look at how many patients see their tumors shrink, how long the treatment keeps working, and how long patients live. Blood samples will be taken to measure the amount of medicine in the body and to check if the body makes any reaction against the medicine.

The purpose of the study is to check how safe these medicine combinations are and whether they cause side effects that are too difficult for patients to tolerate. The study will also look at how well the combination works by measuring whether the tumors shrink or disappear after treatment. This type of study helps doctors understand if new treatment combinations might be helpful for patients with this type of cancer who have not yet received treatment for their advanced disease.

During the study, participants will receive the combination of medicines and will be monitored closely by the study doctors. The doctors will check for any unwanted effects and will measure the size of the tumors regularly to see if the treatment is working. Blood samples will be taken at different times to measure the levels of the medicines in the body and to understand how the body processes these treatments. The study will continue for several years to gather enough information about the safety and effectiveness of these treatment combinations.

The study is divided into different parts. In the first parts, called Part A, Part B, and Part C, researchers will test different doses of the drug to find out which dose is safe and works best. They will carefully watch for any side effects and see how the body processes the drug. In Part D, the study will focus specifically on people with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and will look more closely at whether the drug helps shrink tumors or stop them from growing. During the study, participants will receive the study drug and will have regular check-ups to monitor their health and see how the cancer is responding to treatment.

Throughout all parts of the study, doctors will measure how much of the drug is in the blood, watch for any unwanted effects, and check if the cancer gets better, stays the same, or gets worse. They will also test whether the body develops an immune response to the drug over time. The study will track how long any positive effects last and whether people need to stop treatment or change their dose because of side effects. All participants must have already tried standard treatments that are normally used for their type of cancer, and those treatments must not have worked well enough or must no longer be available as an option.

The purpose of this research is to determine how well disitamab vedotin works in treating urothelial carcinoma, both when used alone and when combined with pembrolizumab. The medication will be given through an intravenous infusion, which means it is delivered directly into a vein. The maximum dose that may be given is 1.5 milligrams per kilogram of body weight, up to 150 milligrams total.

During the study, participants will receive regular medical examinations and scans to monitor their response to treatment. The study is designed for patients who have previously received treatment for their cancer, as well as those who have not yet received any treatment. Participants will be monitored for any side effects throughout their participation in the study.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate how well datopotamab deruxtecan works when combined with platinum-based therapy (carboplatin or cisplatin) compared to the standard treatment of gemcitabine with platinum-based therapy. The study is designed for patients whose cancer has progressed during or after previous treatment with enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab.

During the study, participants will receive their assigned treatment through intravenous infusion. The medications will be given in cycles, with treatment continuing for up to 120 weeks for datopotamab deruxtecan and up to 5 weeks for the other medications. Throughout the study, doctors will monitor the participants’ response to treatment through various medical examinations and imaging tests.

The purpose of the study is to assess how well Raludotatug Deruxtecan works in treating these cancers and to monitor any side effects. Participants in the study will receive the treatment through an intravenous infusion, which means the medication is given directly into a vein. The study will follow participants over a period to observe the treatment’s impact on their cancer and overall health.

Throughout the trial, researchers will focus on understanding how the treatment affects the size and growth of the tumors, as well as any changes in the participants’ health. The study aims to provide valuable information on the potential benefits and risks of using Raludotatug Deruxtecan for these types of cancers, contributing to future treatment options for patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors.

Participants in the study will receive Pembrolizumab and oral doses of cyclophosphamide over a period of six months. The study aims to observe how well the cancer is controlled during this time. Some participants will receive a placebo instead of cyclophosphamide to compare the effects. The study will also look at how long the cancer responds to treatment, the overall control of the disease, and the time it takes for the cancer to progress further. Additionally, researchers will collect blood and tissue samples to explore how the body responds to the treatment and to identify any markers that might predict treatment success.

The trial is designed to provide valuable information about the potential benefits of combining Pembrolizumab with cyclophosphamide for treating metastatic urothelial cancer. The study will continue until July 2025, and the results will help determine if this combination of treatments can offer a new option for patients with this type of cancer.

The purpose of the study is to learn more about how well the treatment works and how safe it is for participants. The study will involve taking the medication by mouth for a period of up to 36 months. Participants will be monitored regularly to see how their tumors respond to the treatment and to check for any side effects. The study will also look at how long the treatment keeps the disease under control and how it affects the overall health and quality of life of the participants.

Participants in the study will have regular check-ups and tests to track their progress. These tests will help researchers understand the effectiveness of the treatment and any potential risks. The study aims to provide valuable information that could lead to better treatment options for people with these types of tumors in the future.

The purpose of the study is to find the best dose of Livmoniplimab when used with Budigalimab and to see how well this combination works in patients who have already tried other treatments. The study will compare the new combination to traditional chemotherapy drugs, which include Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, and Gemcitabine. These chemotherapy drugs are also given through an intravenous infusion. The study will help determine if the new combination can improve the overall survival of patients, which means living longer without the cancer getting worse.

Participants in the study will receive either the new combination of Livmoniplimab and Budigalimab or one of the standard chemotherapy treatments. The study will last for up to 24 months, during which time the health of the participants will be closely monitored. The goal is to see if the new treatment can help patients live longer and have a better quality of life compared to the standard chemotherapy options. This study is important for finding new ways to treat Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma and potentially improve outcomes for patients with this type of cancer.

The purpose of this study is to determine how well the combination of these medications works in treating high-risk, localized upper urinary tract cancer before surgery. The treatment involves receiving the medications through an intravenous infusion, followed by an operation called nephroureterectomy, which removes the affected kidney and ureter.

During the study, patients will receive the combination treatment before undergoing surgery. After the surgery, doctors will examine the removed tissue to see if any cancer cells remain. The study will monitor patients for side effects of the treatment and track their recovery for two years after surgery. This includes checking if the cancer returns in the bladder or spreads to other parts of the body.

Participants in the study will receive the treatment as a solution for infusion, which means it will be given through a vein. The study will observe how the treatment affects the cancer and monitor any side effects. The trial will include regular check-ups and assessments to track the progress of the treatment. The study aims to understand how well the treatment works in shrinking the tumors and how safe it is for the patients.

The study will continue for several years, with the goal of gathering enough information to determine the treatment’s effectiveness and safety. This research is important for developing new ways to treat these challenging cancers and could potentially lead to new treatment options for patients in the future.

The purpose of this study is to find the best dose of Fianlimab and the best time to perform a special type of imaging called PET scan to see how the treatment is working. A PET scan is a test that helps doctors see how organs and tissues inside the body are functioning. The study will also look at how safe Fianlimab is for patients. Participants will receive the treatment and undergo PET scans before and during their treatment with Cemiplimab, with or without chemotherapy. The study will help researchers understand how the treatment affects the body and how well it works against the cancer.

Throughout the study, patients will be monitored closely to ensure their safety and to observe any changes in their condition. The study aims to provide valuable information that could lead to better treatment options for people with advanced solid cancers. By understanding how these medications work together, researchers hope to improve outcomes for patients facing these challenging diseases.

The purpose of the study is to compare the outcomes of patients who receive either three or six cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy before starting maintenance treatment with avelumab. The study aims to understand how the number of chemotherapy cycles affects patients’ quality of life and overall health. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either three or six cycles of chemotherapy, followed by avelumab. Some participants may receive a placebo instead of avelumab to help researchers understand the true effects of the medication.

Throughout the study, participants will be monitored for changes in their health and quality of life. This will include regular assessments to track any side effects and the overall response to the treatment. The study will continue for a period of time to gather enough information to determine the best approach for treating advanced urothelial cancer with avelumab. The findings from this study could help improve treatment strategies for patients with this type of cancer in the future.

Participants in this study will continue taking ibrutinib in the form of a hard capsule, which is taken orally. The study will monitor the long-term effects of ibrutinib and any potential side effects that may arise. Patients will be observed for any serious adverse events, which are significant health issues that may occur during the treatment. The study aims to ensure that patients who benefit from ibrutinib can maintain their treatment regimen and continue to manage their condition effectively.

Participants in the study will receive these medications in different combinations. The study will be conducted in two parts. In the first part, the focus will be on understanding the safety and tolerability of MK-2870 when used with Enfortumab Vedotin. In the second part, the study will assess the combination of MK-2870, Enfortumab Vedotin, and Pembrolizumab. The medications will be administered through intravenous infusion, which means they will be given directly into a vein. Some participants may receive a placebo, which is a substance with no active medication, to compare the effects of the actual drugs.

The study aims to gather information on how these treatments affect the cancer, including any side effects that may occur. Participants will be monitored closely by healthcare professionals throughout the study to ensure their safety and to collect data on the effectiveness of the treatment. This research is important for developing new and improved therapies for people with advanced urothelial carcinoma.

Participants in the study will be divided into different groups. Some will receive BT8009 alone, while others will receive it in combination with pembrolizumab. Another group will receive a combination of chemotherapy drugs, which may include cisplatin or carboplatin with gemcitabine, and possibly avelumab as a maintenance treatment. The study will monitor the participants over a period of time to assess the effectiveness of these treatments in managing the cancer.

The trial aims to provide valuable information on how these treatments can help patients with advanced stages of urothelial cancer. By comparing the different treatment options, researchers hope to find the most effective approach to improve the outcomes for patients with this type of cancer. Participants will receive regular assessments to track the progress of their treatment and any changes in their condition.

The treatment involves receiving atezolizumab through intravenous infusion. The medication is given at a dose of 1,200 mg, and patients may receive up to 2,400 mg over a treatment period lasting up to 6 months. Atezolizumab belongs to a group of medications called immune checkpoint inhibitors, which work by helping the body’s immune system fight cancer cells.

The main purpose of this research is to determine if atezolizumab can reduce the size of the cancer before surgery and to study how the medication affects the body’s immune system. The study will also monitor how well patients tolerate the treatment and track their progress after surgery. During the study, patients will undergo regular medical examinations and imaging tests to assess their response to the treatment.

The purpose of the study is to determine how well these new treatments work in extending the life of patients with this advanced cancer. Participants in the study will receive either the new treatment or the standard chemotherapy. Some participants may receive a combination of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab, while others will receive MEDI4736 alone. The study will also include a group of patients who will receive a placebo, which is a substance with no active medication, to compare the effects of the treatments.

Throughout the study, participants will receive regular check-ups and monitoring to assess their health and the progress of their cancer. The study aims to provide valuable information on whether these new treatments can offer better outcomes for patients with Stage IV Urothelial Cancer compared to the current standard of care. The trial is expected to continue until the end of 2025, with recruitment starting in September 2024.

The treatment in this study involves a combination of medications given through intravenous infusion. Patients will receive either cisplatin or carboplatin together with gemcitabine hydrochloride. Some patients may also receive avelumab, which belongs to a group of medications called monoclonal antibodies that help the immune system fight cancer cells.

During the study, doctors will regularly check how well the treatment is working by taking scans and monitoring any side effects. The treatment period may last up to 18 months for chemotherapy medications and up to 24 months for avelumab. The effectiveness of the treatment will be measured by looking at how the tumors respond and how long patients live without their cancer getting worse.

Participants in the study will receive erdafitinib to see how their cancer responds to the treatment. The study will monitor the participants’ health and any changes in their cancer over time. The trial will also assess how erdafitinib interacts with midazolam, which is often used to help with anxiety or sedation, and metformin, a common medication for diabetes. These interactions are important to understand how erdafitinib might affect the way these other drugs work in the body.

The study is designed to gather information on the best dose of erdafitinib and to observe any side effects or benefits experienced by the participants. By doing so, researchers hope to find a treatment option that can help manage urothelial cancer more effectively. The trial is open-label, meaning both the researchers and participants know which treatment is being administered, and it involves multiple centers to ensure a comprehensive evaluation of the medication’s effects.

The purpose of the study is to compare how well patients live with the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab versus standard chemotherapy. The study will also look at how these treatments affect patients who cannot receive a specific chemotherapy drug called cisplatin, and those whose cancer cells have a protein called PD-L1. PD-L1 is a protein that can help cancer cells hide from the immune system. The study will involve regular visits to the clinic for treatment and monitoring, and participants will receive either the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab or standard chemotherapy, which may include drugs like carboplatin, cisplatin, or gemcitabine.

Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the treatment groups, and some may receive a placebo, which is a substance with no active medication. The study will continue for a period of time to observe the effects of the treatments on overall survival and quality of life. The results of this study will help determine the best treatment options for patients with untreated, unresectable, or metastatic urothelial cancer.

The purpose of this study is to understand how these treatments work in the body, how they are processed and eliminated, and to determine their safety and potential benefits for patients with this type of cancer. The study is divided into two phases. In the first phase, the focus is on finding the best dose and schedule for using erdafitinib with cetrelimab, and with chemotherapy. The second phase aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of erdafitinib alone and in combination with cetrelimab in patients who cannot receive cisplatin and have specific changes in their FGFR genes, which are involved in cell growth and division.

Participants in the study will receive the study medications and will be monitored for any side effects and how well the cancer responds to the treatment. The study will help researchers gather important information about these treatment options for urothelial cancer, potentially leading to new ways to manage the disease.

The purpose of the study is to find the best dose of these medications and to see how safe and effective they are when used together. Participants will receive the medications in different combinations, either as a single treatment or in pairs or triplets. The study will also look at how the body processes these medications and how they affect cancer cells. Some participants may receive a placebo, which is a substance with no active medication, to compare the effects of the actual treatment.

During the study, participants will receive the treatment over a period of time, and their health will be closely monitored by the research team. The study will help determine the safety and potential benefits of these treatments for people with advanced cancers. The information gathered will contribute to understanding how these medications can be used to treat different types of cancer effectively.

The purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of V940 plus pembrolizumab against a placebo plus pembrolizumab in preventing the cancer from coming back. Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either the new treatment combination or the placebo combination. The study will be conducted in a way that neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving which treatment, to ensure unbiased results. The treatment will be given over a period of time, and participants will be monitored regularly to check for any changes in their health and to see how well the treatment is working.

Throughout the study, the main focus will be on measuring how long participants remain free from cancer, known as disease-free survival. Other aspects being monitored include overall survival, the time until cancer spreads to other parts of the body, and any side effects experienced by participants. The study aims to provide valuable information on whether the new treatment combination can offer better outcomes for patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate how well Erdafitinib works compared to the other treatments in patients with advanced urothelial cancer who have specific changes in their FGFR genes. These changes, known as gene aberrations, can affect how cancer grows and responds to treatment. The study is divided into two groups: one group will receive Erdafitinib or chemotherapy (Vinflunine or Docetaxel) if they have previously been treated with a type of medication called an anti-PD-(L)1 agent, and the other group will receive Erdafitinib or Pembrolizumab if they have not been treated with an anti-PD-(L)1 agent before.

Participants in the study will receive their assigned treatment and will be monitored to see how long they live after starting the treatment, which is known as overall survival. The study aims to provide valuable information on which treatment option may be more effective for patients with advanced urothelial cancer and specific FGFR gene changes. The study will help doctors understand better treatment options for this type of cancer.

The purpose of this study is to determine the best dose of CPI-0209 and to evaluate its effectiveness in treating these advanced cancers. The study is divided into two phases. In the first phase, researchers aim to find the maximum dose that patients can tolerate. In the second phase, the focus is on assessing how well CPI-0209 works in shrinking or controlling the tumors. Patients participating in the study will receive either CPI-0209 or a placebo, and their health will be monitored closely throughout the trial.

Participants in the study will undergo regular health assessments, including blood tests and imaging scans, to track the progress of their treatment. The study will help researchers understand the potential benefits and side effects of CPI-0209, contributing to the development of new treatment options for patients with these challenging types of cancer. The trial is expected to continue until 2025, providing valuable insights into the treatment of advanced solid tumors and lymphomas.

Participants in the study will receive treatments through an infusion, which means the medication is given directly into the bloodstream. The study is divided into different groups, or cohorts. In one group, BT8009 will be combined with pembrolizumab and compared to standard chemotherapy treatments, which may include cisplatin or carboplatin with gemcitabine, and possibly avelumab. In another group, BT8009 will be given alone to see how well it works by itself. The study will monitor how the cancer responds to these treatments over time.

The trial aims to understand how these treatments affect the progression of the cancer and the overall response of the participants. The study will last for several months, with regular check-ups to assess the effectiveness of the treatment. Participants will be closely monitored by medical professionals throughout the study to ensure their safety and to gather important data on the treatments being tested.

The study is divided into two phases. In the first phase, participants will receive different doses of TYRA-300 to determine the most suitable dose. In the second phase, the study will focus on how effective TYRA-300 is at treating the tumors. Participants will be monitored for any side effects and changes in their health, including regular checks of their blood and heart function. The study will also look at how the body processes TYRA-300 over time.

Participants in this study will have tumors that have specific changes in the FGFR3 gene, which can be identified through tests. The study aims to gather information on how TYRA-300 affects these tumors and to explore any potential benefits it may offer. The trial is expected to continue until 2027, with the goal of improving treatment options for people with these types of cancer.

The purpose of this study is to determine if the combination of Disitamab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab is more effective than the standard chemotherapy treatments for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma that shows a specific protein called HER2. HER2 is a protein that can affect the growth of cancer cells. The study will involve patients who have not received prior treatment for their advanced cancer. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the new treatment combination or one of the standard chemotherapy options. Some participants may receive a placebo, which is a substance with no active medication, to help compare the effects of the treatments.

Throughout the study, participants will receive their assigned treatments through an intravenous infusion, which means the medication is given directly into a vein. The study will monitor the participants’ health and response to the treatment over a period of time to gather information on the effectiveness and safety of the treatments. The goal is to find out which treatment option provides better outcomes for patients with this type of cancer. This research could potentially lead to improved treatment options for people with advanced urothelial carcinoma.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate how well these treatments work in patients with urothelial carcinoma. The study will be conducted in stages, with the first stage focusing on patients whose cancer has spread to other parts of the body, known as metastatic urothelial carcinoma. The second stage will involve patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, which means the cancer has grown into the muscle layer of the bladder. The study will assess the response of the cancer to the treatments and monitor any side effects experienced by the participants.

Participants in the study will receive one or more of the treatments over a period of time, with regular check-ups to monitor their health and the progress of the cancer. The study aims to provide valuable information on the potential benefits and risks of these immunotherapy-based treatments for patients with urothelial carcinoma. The trial is expected to continue until 2027, with the goal of improving treatment options for this type of cancer.

The goal of this study is to continue providing the treatment to patients who have already participated in earlier phases of similar studies but still need ongoing therapy since they cannot access these medicines locally. This means the therapy will continue for patients who are still benefiting from it according to assessments by their doctors.

The study does not provide detailed procedures but involves using these medicines to see if the patients continue to respond positively to the treatment therapies. This ongoing treatment will allow the observation of the treatments’ effects over a longer period and help determine the best use of these drugs in managing cancer. Some patients might be given a placebo, which is a substance with no therapeutic effect used in trials to test the effectiveness of another drug.

Participants in the study will receive both medications over a period of time. The study will monitor the response of the cancer to the treatment, looking for signs of improvement such as a reduction in tumor size or slowing of disease progression. The study will also assess the safety and tolerability of the treatment, keeping track of any side effects experienced by participants. The goal is to determine the effectiveness of the combination of Futibatinib and Pembrolizumab in patients who are not suitable for traditional platinum-based chemotherapy treatments.

Throughout the study, participants will have regular check-ups and assessments to monitor their health and the progress of the treatment. The study aims to provide valuable information on the potential benefits of using these medications together for treating Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma, offering hope for improved outcomes in patients with this challenging condition.

Participants in the study will take INCB099280 in the form of a film-coated tablet. The study will test different doses of the medication, specifically 400 mg, 600 mg, and 800 mg, taken twice a day. The treatment period can last up to 24 weeks. During the study, participants will be monitored for any side effects and changes in their condition. Some participants may receive a placebo, which is a tablet that looks like the treatment but does not contain the active medication.

The study aims to gather information on how the treatment affects the tumors, including whether it can shrink them or stop them from growing. It will also look at how long any positive effects last and how the treatment impacts the overall health and survival of the participants. The results will help determine if INCB099280 could be a useful treatment option for people with these types of cancer in the future.

Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either Nivolumab or a placebo. The study is designed to be double-blind, meaning neither the participants nor the researchers will know who is receiving the actual medication and who is receiving the placebo. This helps ensure that the results are not biased. The study will take place over a period of time, and participants will receive regular infusions and check-ups to monitor their health and the status of their cancer.

The main goal of the study is to compare the time participants remain free of cancer between those receiving Nivolumab and those receiving the placebo. Additionally, the study will look at other outcomes, such as how long participants live without the cancer spreading to other parts of the body and overall survival rates. This research aims to provide valuable information on the effectiveness of Nivolumab in treating high-risk Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate how effective and safe these treatments are when used alone or in combination for patients with urothelial carcinoma that shows a specific characteristic called HER2 expression. HER2 is a protein that can affect the growth of cancer cells. The study will involve participants who have either previously received treatment for their cancer or are receiving treatment for the first time. The study will monitor the participants over a period to observe the effects of the treatments on their cancer.

Participants in the study will receive either Disitamab Vedotin alone or in combination with Pembrolizumab. The study will track the progress of the cancer and any side effects experienced by the participants. The goal is to gather information on how well these treatments work and their safety for patients with HER2-expressing urothelial carcinoma. The study is designed to provide valuable insights into potential new treatment options for this type of cancer.

Participants in the study will receive the treatment over a period of up to 24 months. The treatment involves administering the medications through an intravenous infusion, which means they are given directly into the bloodstream through a vein. Throughout the study, participants will be monitored for any side effects and to see how well the treatment is working. This includes regular check-ups, blood tests, and other assessments to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the treatment.

The study will also involve a comparison with a placebo to better understand the effects of the treatment. The main focus will be on the safety of the treatment, looking at any side effects that occur, and its effectiveness, such as whether the cancer shrinks or stops growing. The study aims to provide valuable information that could lead to new treatment options for these types of cancer in the future.

Participants in the study will receive nivolumab in different forms, including subcutaneous injections and intravenous infusions. The study will observe how the medication moves through the body and how it is absorbed, distributed, and eliminated. This will help researchers understand the best way to administer nivolumab for treating these cancers. The study will also monitor for any side effects or reactions to the medication, including any allergic reactions or the development of antibodies against nivolumab.

The study is expected to continue until August 2025. During this time, participants will receive regular doses of the medication and will be closely monitored by the research team. The information gathered from this study will contribute to the understanding of nivolumab’s effectiveness and safety in treating various types of cancer.

The study involves a series of once-weekly treatments for six weeks, followed by maintenance therapy for 12 months. The researchers aim to understand how this new schedule affects side effects, how well patients can stick to the treatment plan, and the overall outcomes related to cancer. Participants will receive a total of six initial treatments, and then continue with maintenance treatments over the course of a year.

Throughout the study, the researchers will monitor various outcomes, such as the recurrence of cancer, progression of the disease, and survival rates over two and five years. They will also track the number of treatments each participant receives and any side effects experienced. This information will help determine if the new treatment schedule is effective and safe for patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).