The purpose of the study is to see if oral lidocaine can help reduce these gastrointestinal problems compared to a placebo, which is a tablet that looks like the medication but does not contain any active ingredients. Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either the oral lidocaine or the placebo. The study is designed to be double-blind, meaning neither the participants nor the researchers will know who is receiving the actual medication or the placebo, to ensure unbiased results.

Throughout the study, participants will be monitored for changes in their gastrointestinal symptoms, using a scoring system called the I-FEED score, which helps measure the severity of these symptoms. The study will track these scores at various points after surgery to determine the effectiveness of the treatment. The study will also monitor for any side effects or adverse events that may occur during the treatment period. The goal is to gather information that could lead to better management of gastrointestinal issues following abdominal surgery.

The purpose of the study is to compare the impact of starting supplementary parenteral nutrition early versus postponing it on the risk of infections that patients might acquire in the hospital after their surgery. Participants in the study will receive either the early or postponed nutrition treatment, or a placebo, and their progress will be monitored over time. The study aims to see if the timing of the nutrition affects the rate of infections and other complications during the hospital stay.

Throughout the study, researchers will observe various outcomes, such as the rate of complications, the length of hospital stay, and mortality rates at 30, 90, and 180 days after surgery. They will also track the amount and type of energy and protein intake during the hospital stay. This information will help determine the best approach to providing nutrition to patients recovering from major emergency abdominal surgery.