In the study, [18F]CPFPX is used to look at certain brain receptors called A1 receptors, which are proteins that help cells respond to signals. The study follows people during a breathing challenge and then compares brain scan results between people with drug-resistant epilepsy and healthy subjects. It also looks at brainstem size on MRI, which is a scan that uses magnetic fields to take detailed pictures of the brain, and relates these findings to breathing response and daily caffeine intake.

The study is expected to continue over several years. A short scan and breathing testing are done during the study, and the results are compared between the groups. No treatment for epilepsy is being tested here; this is a research study using [18F]CPFPX to learn more about brain changes in epilepsy.

The purpose of this study is to see how TRV045 affects the ability of brain cells to respond to electrical signals, which is called cortical excitability. The study will also look at how safe the medicine is, how well it is tolerated, and how the body absorbs and removes it. This is a phase one study, which means it is one of the first times the medicine is being tested in people.

The study is designed as a cross-over trial, which means that participants will receive both TRV045 and placebo at different times during the study, allowing researchers to compare the effects. The medicine will be given multiple times over a period of up to four days. During the study, researchers will measure changes in how the brain responds to magnetic stimulation, which helps them understand how the medicine affects brain activity. The study is randomized and double-blind, meaning that neither the participants nor the researchers will know who is receiving the active medicine or placebo at any given time.

The purpose of this research is to determine how helpful this new imaging method is in identifying the precise location of brain tissue causing seizures before surgery. During the study, participants will receive the imaging substance and undergo a combined PET and MRI scan. This advanced imaging technique could help surgeons better plan the placement of monitoring devices called SEEG (stereoelectroencephalography) electrodes, which are used to confirm the location of seizure activity.

The imaging procedure combines two different types of scans: PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scanning, which uses the special imaging substance to show areas of inflammation in the brain, and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), which provides detailed pictures of brain structure. This combination may provide better information about the location of seizure-causing areas compared to current standard imaging methods.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Rapamune in reducing seizures in children with these conditions. Participants in the study will receive the medication in the form of an oral solution. The study will monitor the number of seizures experienced by participants and any side effects that may occur. The goal is to see if the medication can reduce seizures by at least 50% in the participants.

Throughout the study, researchers will also assess the overall impact of the treatment on the quality of life for the children and their families. The study will last for a period of time, during which participants will be closely monitored for any changes in their condition and any potential side effects of the treatment. The findings from this study could provide valuable insights into the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy in children with these rare brain conditions.

Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either Rapamune, Sabril, or a placebo. The study is designed to be double-blind, meaning neither the participants nor the researchers will know who is receiving which treatment. This helps ensure that the results are not biased. The trial will last for a period of up to two years, during which the infants’ health will be closely monitored. Researchers will look at various factors, such as the occurrence of seizures, the growth of TSC-related tumors, and the overall development of the infants.

Throughout the study, the infants will undergo regular check-ups to monitor their physical development, including weight and height, as well as vital signs like body temperature and blood pressure. The study will also assess the risk of developing conditions such as autism and drug-resistant epilepsy. By the end of the study, researchers hope to gather valuable information on the effectiveness and safety of Rapamune and Sabril in preventing the symptoms of TSC in infants, which could lead to better treatment options in the future.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of rapamycin compared to a placebo in reducing seizures in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy linked to TSC. Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either rapamycin or a placebo. The study will monitor the number of seizures participants experience and any side effects that may occur. The trial will last for a period of time, during which participants will be closely observed to gather information on how well the treatment works and how safe it is.

Throughout the study, researchers will compare the outcomes between those receiving rapamycin and those receiving the placebo. The main goal is to determine if rapamycin can significantly reduce the frequency of seizures and improve the quality of life for individuals with TSC-related epilepsy. The study will also track any adverse events, which are unwanted effects that might occur during the treatment period. This information will help in understanding the potential benefits and risks of using rapamycin for this condition.

The purpose of the study is to see if Levetiracetam XR can reduce the frequency of seizures in patients with drug-resistant focal onset seizures. Participants in the study will receive either the extended-release levetiracetam, the immediate-release levetiracetam, or a placebo. The study will last for a total of 12 weeks, during which the participants will take the medication once daily. Throughout the study, the frequency of seizures will be monitored to assess any changes or improvements.

Participants will be asked to keep a diary of their seizures and any side effects they experience. The study will also look at how the treatment affects the participants’ quality of life and their satisfaction with the medication. The goal is to find out if Levetiracetam XR can offer a better treatment option for those with difficult-to-treat epilepsy, potentially leading to fewer seizures and an improved quality of life.

The purpose of the study is to compare the effectiveness of TA-CBD 10 with a placebo in reducing seizure frequency. Participants in the study will receive either the active treatment or a placebo over a period of time. The study will monitor changes in seizure frequency and assess the overall impact on the quality of life for the children involved. The trial will also look at various aspects of the children’s health and behavior, including sleep patterns and any side effects that may occur.

Throughout the study, participants will be closely observed to ensure their safety and to gather data on how the treatment affects their condition. The trial aims to provide valuable insights into whether TA-CBD 10 can be a beneficial addition to the treatment options available for children with refractory epilepsy.

The purpose of the study is to see if perampanel can help reduce the frequency of seizures in children with epilepsy. The study will involve children from 1 month to less than 18 years old. Participants will receive perampanel in addition to their current epilepsy medications. The study will last for up to 52 weeks, during which the children will be monitored to see if there is a reduction in the number of seizures they experience. Some participants may receive a placebo, which looks like the medication but does not contain the active ingredient.

Throughout the study, researchers will collect information on how well the children tolerate perampanel and any side effects they may experience. The goal is to determine if perampanel is a safe and effective option for managing seizures in children with epilepsy. This study is important because it could lead to better treatment options for children who suffer from this challenging condition.

Participants in the study will receive Clioquinol in addition to their existing epilepsy medications. The study will last for several weeks, during which time the effects of Clioquinol on seizure frequency and severity will be monitored. The study will also assess the safety of Clioquinol by recording any side effects that may occur. Throughout the study, participants will have regular check-ups to ensure their well-being and to evaluate the impact of the treatment on their overall quality of life.

Participants in this study will continue to take lacosamide syrup, with doses ranging from 2 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day to 12 milligrams per kilogram per day. The study will monitor the participants over time to observe any side effects or adverse events that may occur while taking the medication. The study aims to ensure that the medication is safe and to determine the most suitable daily dose for long-term use.

The study is designed to follow participants who have completed earlier studies, ensuring they continue to receive treatment and monitoring. The researchers will collect information on any side effects, changes in health, and the overall effectiveness of the medication in managing epilepsy symptoms. This information will help in understanding the long-term safety and benefits of using lacosamide in children with epilepsy.

Participants in the study will receive PRAX-628 in the form of a capsule taken by mouth. The study will follow a fixed sequence design, meaning that participants will receive the treatment in a specific order. The trial will assess the safety and tolerability of PRAX-628, which means checking for any side effects and how well participants can handle the treatment. Additionally, the study will measure the levels of PRAX-628 in the blood to understand how the body processes the medication.

The trial will also monitor changes in vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure, as well as any changes in laboratory test results and heart activity measured by an electrocardiogram (ECG). The goal is to see if PRAX-628 can reduce or eliminate the photoparoxysmal EEG response in participants with epilepsy. This study is important for understanding the potential benefits and risks of PRAX-628 as a treatment option for epilepsy.

Participants in the study will take the cannabidiol oral solution for a period of 24 weeks. During this time, researchers will monitor the frequency and severity of seizures to determine if there is any improvement. The study will also look at the safety and tolerability of cannabidiol, which means checking for any side effects or health changes in the participants. Additionally, the study will assess how cannabidiol interacts with other anti-seizure medications that participants are taking.

Throughout the study, various aspects of the participants’ health and well-being will be evaluated, including any changes in their cognitive abilities, behavior, and overall quality of life. The study aims to provide valuable information on whether cannabidiol can be an effective and safe addition to existing treatments for severe epilepsy in young people with rare diseases.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of Ganaxolone when used alongside other treatments for seizures in both children and adults with TSC. Participants in the study will take Ganaxolone in capsule form by mouth. The study will monitor participants over a period to observe any side effects and how well the medication is tolerated. Participants will also continue their usual seizure treatments while taking Ganaxolone.

Throughout the study, various health checks will be conducted, including monitoring vital signs like blood pressure and heart rate, as well as performing physical and neurological exams. The study will also track changes in seizure frequency and assess the overall quality of life for participants. This information will help researchers understand how effective Ganaxolone is in managing seizures associated with TSC and its impact on the daily lives of those affected by this condition.