The purpose of the study is to see if this type of scan can be a good way to detect and measure brain inflammation in people with autoimmune encephalitis by comparing the scan results from patients to those from healthy people. During the study, participants will receive the imaging substance through an injection and then have a brain scan. The scan will measure how much of the substance attaches to specific areas in the brain, which indicates where inflammation might be present. The study will look at the whole brain as well as specific regions to understand the pattern of inflammation.

Researchers will compare the scan results between patients with autoimmune encephalitis and healthy individuals to see if there are clear differences. They will also look at whether the scan results match with other tests that are commonly used to diagnose this condition, such as blood tests, spinal fluid tests, and other types of brain scans. The study will examine if the amount of inflammation seen on the scan relates to how severe the symptoms are and whether certain brain regions showing inflammation correspond to specific symptoms that patients experience.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate how well Satralizumab works in improving the condition of patients with autoimmune encephalitis and to assess its safety over a longer period. Participants in the study will receive either Satralizumab or a placebo through subcutaneous injection, which means the injection is given under the skin. The study will monitor participants over a period of time to see if there is an improvement in their symptoms, such as a reduction in disability and clinical severity, without the need for additional rescue therapy.

Throughout the study, researchers will also keep track of any side effects or adverse events that participants may experience. The study aims to provide valuable information on the potential benefits and risks of using Satralizumab for treating autoimmune encephalitis, helping to determine if it can be a safe and effective treatment option for patients with these specific types of brain inflammation.

Participants in the study will receive either bortezomib or a placebo. Bortezomib is a chemical compound that is administered through the skin. The study will last for a period of 17 weeks, during which participants will be closely monitored. The researchers will assess the participants’ health and any changes in their condition at different points throughout the study. This will help determine the impact of bortezomib on the symptoms of autoimmune encephalitis.

Throughout the study, various health indicators will be measured, including the length of hospital stays, changes in antibody levels, and overall brain function. The safety of bortezomib will also be evaluated, with particular attention to any side effects such as nerve damage, liver issues, blood-related problems, digestive issues, and infections. This comprehensive approach aims to provide a clear understanding of how bortezomib can help patients with autoimmune encephalitis.

During the study, participants will be monitored over a period of several weeks. The main goal is to assess any changes in the level of disability caused by the disease, using a scale called the mRS scale, which measures the degree of disability or dependence in daily activities. The study will also look at the safety of inebilizumab by tracking any side effects that occur during the treatment period. Participants will receive the treatment through an intravenous infusion, which means the medication is given directly into a vein.

In addition to inebilizumab, some participants may receive other medications as part of their standard care. These include methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation, and human normal immunoglobulin (IVIg), which is a blood-derived product used to support the immune system. Other medications like cyclophosphamide, cetirizine, and paracetamol may also be used as needed for specific purposes such as rescue therapy, premedication, or to manage symptoms like fever. The study will help determine the best approach to treating anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and improve understanding of the disease.