The investigation follows a specific design where participants receive different treatments in a set order to compare the results. Researchers will monitor various physical signs, such as the respiratory rate, which is the number of breaths taken per minute, and oxygen saturation, which measures the amount of oxygen in the blood. Other factors being observed include apnea, which is a temporary pause in breathing, and changes in pupil diameter. Additionally, participants will report their levels of alertness and how they feel regarding the effects of the substances used.

The purpose of the study is to understand how these medications can help reverse the breathing difficulties that opioids can cause. Participants will receive either the medication or a placebo, and their breathing will be monitored to see how well the medications work. The study will involve both people who are new to opioids and those who have been using them for a long time.

Throughout the study, participants will receive the medications through injections or nasal sprays, and their breathing will be closely observed. The study aims to gather information on how quickly and effectively these medications can reverse the effects of opioids on breathing. This research is important for improving treatments for people who experience breathing problems due to opioid use.

The purpose of the study is to understand tramadol’s impact on the digestive system, specifically looking at how it affects the movement and function of the stomach and intestines. This includes examining how quickly food moves through the digestive tract, the patterns of movement in the intestines, and the volume and water content in the colon. The study will also assess any symptoms of constipation and other related digestive issues.

Participants will be involved in the study for a period of up to 10 days. During this time, various assessments will be conducted, including imaging tests like MRI to observe the digestive system. The study aims to provide valuable insights into how tramadol influences bowel function in individuals who have not previously used opioids extensively.

The purpose of the study is to better understand how naloxegol works in healthy individuals. Participants will take part in a series of study visits where they will receive different combinations of the medications, including a placebo. The study will use MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), a type of scan that creates detailed images of the inside of the body, to observe changes in the movement and size of the intestines after taking the medications and eating a meal.

Throughout the study, participants will be given different combinations of the medications, such as naloxegol with codeine, placebo with codeine, and placebo with placebo. The effects on the intestines will be observed at different times, including after eating an oat porridge meal and after taking bisacodyl. This study aims to provide insights into how these medications affect the digestive system, particularly in relation to constipation caused by opioids.

The purpose of the study is to explore how naldemedine can help manage the bowel issues caused by opioids. Participants in the study will take either naldemedine or a placebo while their bowel function is monitored. This will include looking at how quickly food moves through the digestive system, the patterns of movement in the intestines, and the volume of the colon. These observations will help researchers understand how naldemedine affects the digestive system when opioids are used.

The study will take place over a period of time, during which participants will be asked to take the medication and undergo various assessments. These assessments will include methods like MRI to look at the colon and other tests to measure bowel movement and function. The goal is to gather information that could lead to better treatments for people experiencing bowel problems due to opioid use.

Participants in the study will receive Ketamine through an intravenous infusion, which means it will be given directly into a vein. The study will last for a period of up to six weeks. During this time, researchers will monitor the participants to see how Ketamine affects their ability to stay abstinent from opioids, as well as any changes in their cravings and mood. The study also aims to identify certain biological markers, known as biomarkers, that might predict when someone is at risk of relapsing.

By understanding how Ketamine works in the context of opioid addiction treatment, the study hopes to provide new insights into how to better support individuals with OUD. This could lead to improved treatment options that help people maintain their recovery and improve their overall well-being. The study is part of ongoing efforts to find effective ways to combat opioid addiction and support those affected by it.

The study aims to determine if daridorexant can help reduce the use of illegal substances in patients who are receiving buprenorphine treatment. During the study, participants will receive either daridorexant or placebo while continuing their regular buprenorphine treatment. The buprenorphine will be given as an injection under the skin or as tablets that dissolve under the tongue.

The treatment period will last for several months, during which participants will regularly provide urine samples and complete questionnaires about their sleep quality, drug cravings, and overall well-being. The study will monitor how well participants respond to the combined treatment approach and whether it helps them maintain their recovery from opioid use disorder.

Participants in the study will be randomly assigned to receive either Suboxone or methadone. The study will last for several months, during which participants will be monitored to see how their opioid use changes over time. They will be asked to complete questionnaires and may undergo various tests to assess their progress. The study aims to provide valuable information on which treatment might be more beneficial for people dealing with both opioid dependency and chronic pain.

Throughout the study, participants will be supported by healthcare professionals to ensure their safety and well-being. The results of this trial could help improve treatment options for individuals struggling with opioid use disorder and chronic pain, offering insights into the best ways to manage these conditions together.

The study compares two approaches: one group receives oxytocin nasal spray while the other receives a placebo, both in addition to a gradual reduction of diazepam over 21 days. Both treatments are given through the nose as a spray. The purpose is to determine if oxytocin can help reduce the discomfort that people experience when stopping benzodiazepine medications.

During the study, participants receive either oxytocin nasal spray or placebo spray daily, while their regular benzodiazepine medication is slowly decreased. The treatment continues for three weeks, during which various aspects of withdrawal symptoms are monitored, including anxiety levels and sleep patterns.

The purpose of the study is to assess the long-term outcomes of using SUBLOCADE in adults who have a history of moderate to severe opioid use disorder. Participants in the study will receive regular injections of the medication and will be monitored over several years to see how well the treatment helps them manage their condition. The study will look at various outcomes, such as whether participants achieve remission, which means they no longer show symptoms of the disorder, and how long it takes to reach this state.

Throughout the study, participants will be observed for any changes in their symptoms and any potential side effects. The study aims to provide valuable information on the effectiveness and safety of long-term treatment with SUBLOCADE for individuals struggling with opioid use disorder. This research is important for understanding how to best support people in overcoming opioid dependence and improving their quality of life.

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of taking dexamfetamine daily for 12 weeks compared to a placebo on the use of illicit amphetamines. The study will monitor the total amount of amphetamines used by participants who are undergoing treatment for opioid dependence. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the active medication or the placebo, and neither the participants nor the researchers will know which treatment is being given to ensure unbiased results.

Throughout the study, various aspects of the participants’ health and behavior will be observed, including psychological well-being, quality of life, and adherence to their opioid treatment. The study will also track any changes in the use of other substances, the occurrence of infections, and overall life satisfaction. The trial is expected to continue until the end of 2027, with recruitment starting in early 2024.

Participants in the study will receive either baclofen or a placebo, in addition to the standard treatment for GHB detoxification. The study will involve taking baclofen in tablet form, with doses of either 10 mg or 25 mg. The treatment period will last for a short duration, and the progress of the participants will be monitored to determine if baclofen helps in reducing the need for GHB during the detoxification process.

The purpose of this study is to assess whether adding baclofen to the treatment plan can make the detoxification process more effective for patients with GHB use disorder. By understanding the potential benefits of baclofen in this context, the study aims to improve treatment options for individuals undergoing detoxification from GHB. Participants will be closely monitored throughout the study to ensure their safety and to gather valuable information on the effectiveness of the treatment.

The purpose of the study is to determine if baclofen can effectively assist in the detoxification process for patients with GHB use disorder. Participants in the study will receive either baclofen or a placebo, and their progress will be monitored to see if there is a reduction in the need for pharmaceutical GHB. The study will take place over a period of time, with regular assessments to track the effects of the treatment.

Throughout the study, participants will be closely observed to ensure their safety and to gather information on how well the treatment works. The ultimate goal is to find a more effective way to support individuals undergoing detoxification from GHB use disorder, potentially improving their recovery process and overall health outcomes.