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Influenza A Virus, A/Cambodia/E0826360/2020 (H3N2) – Like Strain (A/Tasmania/503/2020, Ivr-221), Inactivated

This article discusses two clinical trials investigating the use of influenza vaccines containing the Influenza A Virus, A/Cambodia/E0826360/2020 (H3N2) – Like Strain (A/Tasmania/503/2020, IVR-221), Inactivated. The first trial compares the effectiveness of high-dose and standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccines in older adults. The second trial examines the potential of influenza vaccination to preserve beta-cell function in early-stage type 1 diabetes patients. These studies aim to improve our understanding of influenza prevention and its potential impact on various health outcomes.

Table of Contents

What is it?

INFLUENZA A VIRUS, A/CAMBODIA/E0826360/2020 (H3N2) – LIKE STRAIN (A/TASMANIA/503/2020, IVR-221), INACTIVATED is a component used in influenza vaccines. This is a specific strain of the influenza virus that has been inactivated (killed) so it cannot cause infection. It is designed to protect against a particular type of influenza A virus, specifically the H3N2 subtype[1].

How does it work?

When this inactivated virus strain is included in a vaccine, it helps your immune system recognize and fight against similar live viruses if you’re exposed to them. The vaccine stimulates your body to produce antibodies against this specific strain of influenza, providing protection without causing the actual illness[1].

What is it used for?

This strain is used in vaccines to prevent influenza infection, particularly in older adults. Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a respiratory illness that can cause severe complications, especially in vulnerable populations like the elderly[1].

Vaccines containing this strain

This strain is found in several influenza vaccines, including:

  • Efluelda: A high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine for older adults[1].
  • Vaxigriptetra: A standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine[1].
  • Vaxigrip Tetra: Another quadrivalent influenza vaccine[2].

These vaccines are typically given as an injection into the muscle (intramuscular injection)[1][2].

Ongoing research

Current research is focusing on comparing the effectiveness of different vaccine formulations:

  • A study is comparing high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-HD) to standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-SD) in older adults. The main goal is to see if the high-dose vaccine is better at reducing hospitalizations due to influenza or pneumonia[1].
  • Another study is investigating whether influenza vaccination can help preserve beta cell function in young patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes[2].

Safety and effectiveness

The vaccines containing this strain are approved for use and considered safe for most people. However, as with any medical treatment, there are some considerations:

  • People with severe allergies to eggs, chicken proteins, or previous allergic reactions to influenza vaccines should not receive these vaccines without consulting their doctor[2].
  • The vaccines may not be suitable for people with certain medical conditions or those taking specific medications. Always consult with your healthcare provider before getting vaccinated[2].
  • The effectiveness of the vaccine can vary from year to year, depending on how well the vaccine strains match the circulating viruses[1].

Remember, while this strain is an important component of influenza vaccines, it’s just one part of a complex formula designed to protect against multiple strains of the flu virus. Always follow your healthcare provider’s advice regarding vaccinations.

Aspect Trial 1 (2022-500657-17-00) Trial 2 (2022-500906-17-01)
Main Objective Compare effectiveness of high-dose vs. standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine in older adults Determine if influenza vaccination preserves beta-cell function in early type 1 diabetes
Target Population Adults aged 65 and above Newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients aged 7-17 years
Primary Endpoint Hospitalization due to influenza or pneumonia Change in fasting residual beta-cell function (C-peptide) from baseline to 12 months
Vaccine Studied Efluelda (high-dose) vs. Vaxigriptetra (standard-dose) Vaxigrip Tetra
Route of Administration Intramuscular injection Intramuscular injection
Data Collection Danish administrative health registries Patient records and electronic case report forms

FAQ

  • What is the main objective of the first clinical trial? The main objective of the first trial is to evaluate the relative vaccine effectiveness of high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-HD) compared to standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-SD) in reducing the risk of hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia in older adults.
  • Who is eligible to participate in the first clinical trial? The first trial includes adults aged 65 years and above, with potential modifications based on Danish government recommendations for the 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 influenza seasons.
  • What is the primary goal of the second clinical trial? The primary goal of the second trial, called the INVITED trial, is to determine whether influenza vaccination will preserve beta-cell function in early type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.
  • What age group does the second clinical trial focus on? The second trial focuses on male or female subjects aged 7 to 17 years (≥7 and <18 years) who have been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
  • How is the effectiveness of the vaccines measured in these trials? In the first trial, effectiveness is measured by comparing hospitalization rates for influenza, pneumonia, and other health outcomes between the high-dose and standard-dose vaccine groups. In the second trial, effectiveness is primarily measured by changes in fasting residual beta-cell function (C-peptide levels) from baseline to 12 months after vaccination.

Ongoing Clinical Trials on Influenza A Virus, A/Cambodia/E0826360/2020 (H3N2) – Like Strain (A/Tasmania/503/2020, Ivr-221), Inactivated

  • Study on the Effect of Influenza Vaccine on Preserving Beta Cell Function in Early Type 1 Diabetes Patients

    Recruiting

    2 1 1
    Investigated drugs:
    Denmark

  • Study Comparing High-Dose vs. Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccine for Preventing Flu in Older Adults

    Not recruiting

    3 1 1 1
    Investigated diseases:
    Investigated drugs:
    Denmark

Glossary

  • Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine: A type of flu vaccine that protects against four different influenza viruses: two influenza A viruses and two influenza B viruses.
  • Beta-cell function: The ability of beta cells in the pancreas to produce and release insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood sugar levels.
  • C-peptide: A substance produced along with insulin by pancreatic beta cells. Measuring C-peptide levels helps assess how much insulin a person's body is producing.
  • HbA1c: Also known as glycated hemoglobin, it's a measure of average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months.
  • Time-In-Range: The percentage of time that a person's blood glucose levels are within a target range, typically 3.9-10.0 mmol/L for diabetes management.
  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring: A method to track glucose levels throughout the day and night, providing data about trends and fluctuations in blood sugar levels.
  • Intramuscular Injection: A technique of delivering a medication deep into the muscles, allowing the medication to be absorbed into the bloodstream quickly.

References

  1. http://clinicaltrials.eu/trial-id/2022-500657-17-00
  2. http://clinicaltrials.eu/trial/study-on-the-effect-of-influenza-vaccine-on-preserving-beta-cell-function-in-early-type-1-diabetes-patients/