Clavulanic acid is a medication that blocks enzymes made by some bacteria that can destroy antibiotics. In this study it is given by mouth to see how much of the drug reaches the blood and the tissue in the head and neck area.

Amoxicillin is a commonly used antibiotic that kills many types of bacteria. In the trial it is taken orally, and researchers measure how well it moves from the bloodstream into the tissues after surgery.

Cloxacillin is an antibiotic given through a vein (intravenously) that works against certain bacteria that cause infections. The study looks at how much of this drug enters the blood and the surgical tissue.

Cefuroxime is a broad‑spectrum antibiotic given by IV that treats a wide range of bacterial infections. The trial checks its levels in plasma and in the head‑neck tissue after it is administered.

Dicloxacillin is an oral antibiotic that targets bacteria often found in skin and soft‑tissue infections. In this research it is taken by mouth, and its penetration into tissue and blood is measured.

Surgical site infection – A surgical site infection is an infection that occurs at the part of the body where a surgery was performed. It can involve the skin, tissue under the skin, or deeper structures such as organs or spaces opened during the operation. The infection usually appears within a few days after surgery and may start with redness, warmth, pain, and swelling at the incision. If the infection spreads, it can lead to the formation of pus, breakdown of tissue, and may extend to surrounding areas. In some cases, the infection can become systemic, causing fever and a general feeling of being unwell.