Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT)
This is a combination of two medications that help prevent blood clots. It’s commonly used after certain heart procedures to reduce the risk of complications. The therapy works by making blood platelets less sticky and less likely to form clots.

Single Antiplatelet Therapy (SAPT)
This is a single medication that helps prevent blood clots. It’s a simpler form of blood-thinning treatment compared to DAPT, usually involving one medication that prevents platelets from sticking together. This therapy is often used for long-term prevention of blood clots after the initial treatment period.

Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC)
While not a medication, this is a medical procedure that involves placing a device to close off a small pouch in the heart called the left atrial appendage. This procedure is performed to reduce the risk of blood clots forming in this area and potentially causing a stroke, particularly in patients who have kidney disease requiring dialysis.

Atrial Fibrillation – A heart rhythm disorder where the upper chambers of the heart beat irregularly and often rapidly, out of sync with the lower chambers. The condition occurs when electrical signals in the heart become chaotic, causing an irregular heartbeat pattern. This irregular rhythm can allow blood to pool in the heart chambers, which may lead to the formation of blood clots. The condition can be persistent or come and go in episodes. People with atrial fibrillation may experience heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and reduced ability to exercise.